Vet World Vol.10 June-2017 Article-20
Research Article
Veterinary World, 10(6): 695-701
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.695-701
Investigation of avian influenza infection in wild birds in Ismailia and Damietta cities, Egypt
2. Department of Wildlife and Zoo Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
Background and Aim: This study was carried out to monitor avian influenza (AI) infection in wild birds in Egypt.
Materials and Methods: A total of 135 wild birds were examined for the presence of H5, H7, and H9 hemagglutination inhibition antibodies. Organs and swab samples of 75 birds were screened by multiplex real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RRT-PCR) to detect AI subtypes H5, H7, and H9 matrix genes.
Results: The highest seropositive result was recorded in cattle egrets (90.9%) followed by crows (88.6%), semi-captive pigeons (44.8%), and moorhens (39.1%). In cattle egrets, semi-captive pigeons and moorhens, H5 antibodies predominated. In crows, H9 antibodies predominated. Multiple infections with two or three virus subtypes were highest in crows (6/39, 15.4%) followed by cattle egrets (3/30, 10%) and moorhens' (1/9, 11.1%) positive samples. Multiplex RRT-PCR results revealed two positive samples in cattle egrets and moorhens.
Conclusion: The results indicated high seropositive rates against AI virus subtypes H5 and H9 in the examined wild birds. Multiple infections with more than one AI virus (AIV) subtypes were detected in some birds. This requires a collaboration of efforts to monitor AIV infection in wild birds and implement suitable early intervention measures. Keywords: avian influenza, hemagglutination inhibition, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, wild birds.
Keywords: avian influenza, hemagglutination inhibition, real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, wild birds.
How to cite this article: Fadel HM, Afifi R (2017) Investigation of avian influenza infection in wild birds in Ismailia and Damietta cities, Egypt, Veterinary World, 10(6): 695-701.
Received: 05-01-2017 Accepted: 05-05-2017 Published online: 25-06-2017
Corresponding author: Hanaa Mohamed Fadel E-mail: hanaamohamedfadel@ymail.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.695-701
Copyright: Fadel and Afifi, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.