Reducing zoonotic and internal parasite burdens in pigs using a pig confinement system

Vet World Vol.10 November-2017 Article-12

Research Article

Veterinary World, 10(11): 1347-1352

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2017.1347-1352

Kadek Karang Agustina^1,2, Ida Bagus Ngurah Swacita¹, Ida Bagus Made Oka¹, I Made Dwinata¹, Rebecca Justin Traub³, Colin Cargill⁴, and I Made Damriyasa^1,2

1. Department of Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Udayana University, PB. Sudirman St. Campus, Denpasar, Bali 80223, Indonesia.
2. Department of Parasitology, Center Studies on Animal Diseases Udayana University, Markisa Alleyway of Sesetan St. No. 8 Denpasar, Bali 80223, Indonesia.
3. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
4. Department of Livestock Production, South Australian Research and Development Institute, Hartley Grove, Urrbrae SA 5064, Australia.

Background and Aim: This study was designed to validate the effectiveness of the pig confinement system (PCS) in reducing the prevalence of zoonotic and internal parasite burdens in pigs.

Materials and Methods: Ten PCS households were selected together with 10 households practising traditional scavenging systems. Five pigs were monitored per household every 3 months for 15 months and blood and feces collected. Pigs received a single dose of oxfendazole at 30 mg/kg at baseline. Qualitative fecal examinations for intestinal parasite stages were performed, and serum was tested for antibodies to cysticercus of Taenia solium, Trichinella spp., and Toxoplasma gondii.

Results: Based on fecal examination, the prevalence of pigs positive for parasite eggs was reduced in PCS pigs over consecutive samplings (Ascaris suum [14.3% to 0%], Trichuris suis [46.9% to 8.3%], Strongyle-type eggs [81.6% to 8.3%], Physocephalus spp. [6.1% to 0%], and Metastrongylus apri [20.8% to 0%]) compared with increases in the number of pigs positive for parasite eggs in non-PCS pigs (T. suis [20-61.5%], Strongyle-type [60.4-80.8%], Physocephalus spp. [8.3-15.4%], and M. apri [20.8-34.6%]) and little change in pigs positive for A. suum (18.8-19.2%). While the prevalence of pigs with antibodies against to cysticerci of T. solium reduced in PCS pigs from 18% to 14%, the prevalence in non-PCS pigs increased from 42% to 52%. Antibodies to Trichinella were not detected, but the prevalence of T. gondii antibodies increased from 6% to 10% in PCS pigs and from 7% to 24% in non-PCS pigs.

Conclusion: These data demonstrate the potential of a PCS to reduce the prevalence of pigs infected with zoonotic and internal parasites and thus the risk to human and pig health. Keywords: confinement, parasite, pig, system, zoonotic.

Keywords: confinement, parasite, pig, system, zoonotic.

How to cite this article: Agustina KK, Swacita IBN, Oka IBM, Dwinata IM, Traub RJ, Cargill C, Damriyasa IM (2017) Reducing zoonotic and internal parasite burdens in pigs using a pig confinement system, Veterinary World, 10(11): 1347-1352.

Received: 05-07-2017 Accepted: 04-10-2017 Published online: 16-11-2017

Corresponding author: Kadek Karang Agustina E-mail: k.agustina@unud.ac.id

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.1347-1352

Copyright: Agustina, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.