In vitro study of ivermectin efficiency against the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, among cattle herds in El-Beheira, Egypt

Vet World Vol.12 August-2019 Article-21

Research Article

Veterinary World, 12(8): 1319-1326

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.1319-1326

Gaber E. Batiha¹, Ali H. El-Far², Amany A. El-Mleeh³, Abdelwahab A. Alsenosy², Eman K. Abdelsamei⁴, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim⁵, Yasser S. El-Sayed⁶, and Hazem M. Shaheen¹

1. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt.
2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt.
3. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
4. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Egypt.
5. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
6. Department of Veterinary Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Egypt.

Background and Aim: Ivermectin (IVM) has been used in veterinary practice to control different parasitic infestations over the past two decades. This study aimed to re-assess the acaricidal effects of IVM, as well as to evaluate its efficacy against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus by determining the mortality rate, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) level, and oxidative/ antioxidative homeostasis (malondialdehyde [MDA] levels and glutathione S-transferase [GST] activities).

Materials and Methods: Adult females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus were picked from cattle farms in El-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. Ticks were equally allocated to seven experimental groups to assess the acaricidal potential of IVM chemotherapeutics in controlling R. (B.) annulatus. IVM was prepared at three concentrations (11.43, 17.14, and 34.28 μM of IVM).

Results: Mortality rate was calculated among the treated ticks. In addition, GABA, GST, and MDA biomarker levels were monitored. The data revealed a noticeable change in GST activity, a detoxification enzyme found in R. (B.) annulatus, through a critical elevation in mortality percentage.

Conclusion: IVM-induced potent acaricidal effects against R. (B.) annulatus by repressing GST activity for the initial 24 h after treatment. Collectively, this paper reports the efficacy of IVM in a field population of R. (B.) annulatus in Egypt. Keywords: acaricidal, glutathione S-transferase, ivermectin, malondialdehyde, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, γ-aminobutyric acid.

Keywords: acaricidal, glutathione S-transferase, ivermectin, malondialdehyde, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, γ-aminobutyric acid.

How to cite this article: Batiha GE, El-Far AH, El-Mleeh AA, Alsenosy AA, Abdelsamei EK, Abdel-Daim MM, El-Sayed YS, Shaheen HM (2019) In vitro study of ivermectin efficiency against the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus, among cattle herds in El-Beheira Egypt, Veterinary World, 12(8): 1319-1326.

Received: 31-03-2019 Accepted: 08-07-2019 Published online: 25-08-2019

Corresponding author: Hazem M. Shaheen E-mail: dr_hazemshaheen3010@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1319-1326

Copyright: Batiha, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.