Open Access
Research (Published online: 18-09-2019)
12. Anticancer activities of toxic isolate of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge
Made Dira Swantara, Wiwik Susanah Rita, Nyoman Suartha and Kadek Karang Agustina
Veterinary World, 12(9): 1434-1440

Made Dira Swantara: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.
Wiwik Susanah Rita: Department of Chemistry, Udayana University, Badung, Indonesia.
Nyoman Suartha: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.
Kadek Karang Agustina: Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Udayana University, Denpasar, Indonesia.

doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1434-1440

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Article history: Received: 12-04-2019, Accepted: 22-07-2019, Published online: 18-09-2019

Corresponding author: Made Dira Swantara

E-mail: dira_swantara@unud.ac.id

Citation: Swantara MD, Rita WS, Suartha N, Agustina KK (2019) Anticancer activities of toxic isolate of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge, Veterinary World, 12(9): 1434-1440.
Abstract

Aim: The purposes of this study were to determine the anticancer activity of Xestospongia testudinaria sponge isolate and identify the responsible compounds.

Materials and Methods: The metabolites were extracted using methanol maceration at room temperature. The separation and purification of metabolites were performed using fractionation and column chromatography. The toxicity was examined using the brine shrimp lethality assay, and the toxic isolates were tested for anticancer activity against HeLa cells. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis was used to identify the compounds in the isolate.

Results: When the methanol extract was partitioned with n-hexane, chloroform, and n-butanol, the chloroform fraction was the most toxic, with a concentration that results in 50% lethality (LC50) value of 39.81 ppm. After separation of the chloroform extract, fraction B (FB) was the most toxic, with an LC50 value of 44.67 ppm. The isolate from FB showed anticancer activity with a concentration at which 50% of growth was inhibited (IC50) of 2.273 ppm. In total, 21 compounds were identified in anticancer isolates: Nonanedioic acid; tetradecanoic acid; trans-phytol; 2-pentadecanone- 6,10,14-trimethyl; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; pentadecanoic acid; 2-hexadecen-1-ol, 3,7,11,15-tetramethyl-; 2,3,7-trimethyloctanal; palmitic acid; docosanoic acid, ethyl ester; 1,E-11,Z-13-octadecatriene; chloromethyl 4-chlorododecanoate; 1-tricosene; 9,12-octadecadienoic acid; 4,8,12,16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide; 1-docosene; heneicosane; phosphonic acid, dioctadecyl ester; dodecane,4,6-dimethyl-; n-tetratriacontane; 1-iodohexadecane; and n-heneicosane.

Conclusion: These findings indicate that the isolate of X. testudinaria can be used as a natural anticancer toward HeLa cell.

Keywords: anticancer activity, HeLa cell, Xestospongia testudinaria.