Effects of dietary fiber sources on bacterial diversity in separate segments of the gastrointestinal tract of native and exotic pig breeds raised in Vietnam

Vet World Vol.14 October-2021 Article-1

Research Article

Veterinary World, 14(10): 2579-2587

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.2579-2587

Tran Thi Bich Ngoc^1,2, Nguyen Cong Oanh², Tran Thi Thu Hong³, and Pham Kim Dang²

1. Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam.
2. Excellent Research Team, Faculty of Animal Science, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam.
3. Department of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University, Hue 530000, Vietnam.

Background and Aim: Dietary fiber has distinctive effects on the environment and microbiota of the pig's intestinal tract. This study was conducted at the naturally ventilated facility of the experimental station, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Vietnam, to examine the effects of fiber sources in diets on the intestinal microbiota of two different pig breeds raised in Vietnam.

Materials and Methods: A total of 18 native and 18 exotic pigs with average initial body weights of 9.5±0.4 and 16.5±0.4 kg, respectively, were each divided into three dietary treatments, including a low-fiber diet containing approximately 200 g NDF per kg dry matter (DM) and two high-fiber diets containing cassava by-products or brewer's grains containing approximately 300 g NDF per kg DM. At the end of the experiment (28 days), the bacterial diversity of digesta samples collected from the stomach, ileum, and colon segments was analyzed through DGGE analysis of the V3 variable regions of 16S-rDNA and by cloning and sequencing.

Results: Among the diets, significant differences were observed in the number of DNA bands in the stomach between the native and exotic pigs (p<0.05), but not in the ileum and colon. The dietary fiber affected the number of DNA bands in the ileum (p<0.05), but not in the stomach and colon. A significant interaction effect was found between diet and breed on the number of DNA bands in the ileum (p<0.05). Dietary fiber and breed had a greater effect on microbiota in the ileum and colon than that in the stomach.

Conclusion: The fiber sources affected the number of DNA bands in the ileum, and breed affected the number of DNA bands in the stomach. The microbial compositions in the ileum and colon segments were significantly affected by the dietary fiber and breed. Keywords: bacterial diversity, brewer's grain, cassava by-products, exotic pig, fiber, native pig.

Keywords: bacterial diversity, brewer's grain, cassava by-products, exotic pig, fiber, native pig.

How to cite this article: Ngoc TTB, Oanh NC, Hong TTT, Dang PK (2021) Effects of dietary fiber sources on bacterial diversity in separate segments of the gastrointestinal tract of native and exotic pig breeds raised in Vietnam, Veterinary World, 14(10): 2579-2587.

Received: 15-05-2021 Accepted: 17-08-2021 Published online: 02-10-2021

Corresponding author: Nguyen Cong Oanh E-mail: ncoanh@vnua.edu.vn

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2579-2587

Copyright: Ngoc TTB, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.