Haematological effects of aqueous extract of Ornamental plants in male Swiss albino mice

Treatment of mice with crude extract of Hibiscus rosa sinensis flowers (500 mg/kg BW) and Bougainvillea spectabilis leaves (800 mg/kg BW) for a period of 30 days indicates a significant increase in the level of hemoglobin and count of RBC but a significant decline in the level of MCH and MCV in the former case. On the other hand, in B. spectabilis treated animals, the level of hemoglobin, RBC count & PCV declined significantly. Hence, it is concluded that the use of H. rosa sinensis whereas may not cause any adverse effect on animals, B. spectabilis is to be used with care as its chronic use may cause anemia. Keywords: Crude extract, H. rosa sinensis, B. spectabilis, hemoglobin, MCH, MCV, PCV

In the present study, an attempt is made to For thousands of years, people have looked study the therapeutic value of the crude extract of to natural means of healing.In developing two most common locally available ornamental countries of the world, most the people depend on plants flourishing throughout the year, namely herbal medical care (Ekpe et al., 1990).The Hibiscus rosa sinensis and Bougainvillea popularity of traditional medicine is due to the spectabilis.Keeping in mind the report of belief that some diseases only respond to Williamsons (2001), who has emphasized that the traditional treatment (Bannerman et al., 1975).whole or partially purified extract of plant offer Extracts of root, stem, bark, leaves and flowers of advantages over a single isolated ingredient.some medicinal plants have been shown to have In this investigation, we have sought to activities against most dreaded pathogenic verify the effect of the administration of aqueous organisms like the bacteria, fungi etc (Bannerman extract of sinensis aqueous extract produced significant Blood was withdrawn from eye orbit at th increase (P<0.05) in the count of the RBC other regular interval of 10th, 20th, 30 day and after along with Hb content and decline in Platelet withdrawal of the treatment for 60 days.
count however, no effect could be observed on Collection of samples: For haematological MCHC level.On the contrary in case of parameter blood sample was collected from retro B.spectabilis treated animals, the count of RBC -orbital plexus using micro -capillary technique declined significantly along with Hb level (Sorg and Buckner, 1964).Heparin was used as whereas increase in WBC.However the level of an anticoagulant.
PCV, MCH, MCHC and platelet count remained  (2002).RBC changes in the structure, function, metabolic and WBC counting was done with the help of transformation and concentration of biomedical Neubaur's chamber.Packed cell Volume (PCV) enzymes and even metabolic pathways.These with Wintrobe hematocrit tubes, Haemoglobin alterations may be rapid or slow and may lead to (Hb) by Sahli's method (Sharma, 2007).Other different biochemical mechanisms, producing a haematological indices were calculated with the pathological state (Murray et al., 2000).aid of formulas.
In the present study, aqueous extract of H. destruction of RBC or their decreased rosa sinensis and B. spectabilis has investigated production, which may lead to anemia.on hematological parameters on day 10, 20 and On the contrary an increase in the count of 30 Okpuzor et al., 2009).Hence, a significant WBC from day 10 onward but causes a increase in RBC with no alteration in Hb and PCV significant decline in the count of blood platelets.in H. rosa sinensisi treated animals indicates that Besides, through Hb, PCV, MCHC remain the extract causes no toxic effect on RBC.unaffected, MCH decreased significantly.
However, a significant reduction of RBC and Hb However, in the case of B. spectabilis from day 10 in B. spectabilis treated animals is extract treated animals for the same duration, suggestive of anaemia.though WBC count, MCH, MCHC, MCV and Reports about WBC counts have pointed out PLT remain unaffected, a significant decline in that whereas increased count of WBC is supposed RBC and PCV is indicated.
to be helpful in boosting immune system Actually, assessments of haematological (Adedapo et al., 2007;Mohajeri, 2007), a parameters are used to determine the extent of decreased count of WBC shows the suppression deleterious effect of the extracts on blood of an of leucocytes and their production from bone animal.Straus, (1998), Adedapo et al., (2007), marrow (Odesanmi et al., H. rosa sinensis flowers and B. spectabilis et al., 1975; Khan et al.,1980; Madunagu et al., leaves on few hematological parameters.1990;Singh and pattak, 1994), while some others Russel et al., 1997; Prohp and Alaiya, 2003; Prohp and Maduduemezia, 2004; Animals: Adult male and female Swiss albino Prohp et al., 2004, Prohp et al., 2006a, Prohp et mice procured from CCS Haryana Agriculturalal., 2006b).Besides, ingestion of some plant University, Hisar were mated and resulting materials (either in the raw form or their extracts) progeny was maintained in a well ventilated Extraction of aqueous extract of H. rosa sinensis and B. Statistical Analysis: Results are expressed as spectabilis the Flowers and leaves collected from mean ± Standard Deviation (S.D.).Statistical Banasthali University campus were oven dried significance between the different groups was and powdered.The powdered material was determined by one way Analysis of Variance extracted using aqueous by soxhlet method (ANOVA) using the SPSS (Ver.16).Post hoc (Sharma and Grag, 2009).It was further dried, testing was performed for inter-group which was used for the experimentation.Treated orally with aqueous H. rosa Results sinensis flowers extract per day at the dose of Effect on Haematological parameters: The effect 500mg/kg BW for 30 days. of aqueous extract of H. rosa sinensis flowers and IInd Group: Treated orally with aqueous B. B. spectabilis leaves on Swiss albino mice on day spectabilis leaves extract per day at the dose of presented in Table 1.Administration of H. rosa IIIrd Group: Control group.

Determination of Haematological Parameters:
of treatment.The results obtained are RBC, Hb and PCV is suggestive of polycythemia summarized in table 1a & b.The results indicate, and positive erythopoisis (Iranloye, 2002; Mansi that the treatment with H. rosa sinensis for 30 and Lahham, 2008; Kuppast et al., 2009; days significantly increases the count of RBC and

Table - 1. Effect of aqueous extract of H. rosa sinensis flower and B. spectabilis leaves on some (a) haematological parameters and (b) haematological Indices in male mice.
2010; Jimoh et al., Onyeyilli et al., (1998) reported, that reduction in 2008; Osuigwe et al., 2007; Adedapo et al., 2004).RBC, Hb and PCV is an indication of either the Therefore, an increased count of WBC in B.The values are expressed as mean ± SD for 10 animals (n=10) per group.Treatment was discontinued after 30 days, and animals were sacrificed 60 days after withdrawal of treatment.
* indicates statistically significant with Control at p <0.05.