Vet. World, 2012, Vol.5(7):417-419 RESEARCH Haemato-biochemical alterations induced by Diclofenac sodium toxicity in Swiss albino mice

Aim: An experiment was conducted to study the haemato-biochemical alterations induced by Diclofenac Sodium toxicity. Materials and Methods: 48 Swiss albino mice of either sex, divided uniformly into four different groups. The mice of group I received only deionised water as control while, group II, III and IV were given Diclofenac sodium @ 2.37 mg/kg B.W, 4.75 mg/kg B.W, 9.5 mg/kg B.W orally for 28 days. Results: In dose dependant significant reductions in TEC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCHC were observed. No significant change was observed in total WBC count in both the sexes. However, relative values of leukocytes indicated relative neutrophilia and relative lymphopenia in higher group. Biochemically dose dependant significant changes were observed for AST, ALT, Total bilirubin, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Cholesterol, Urea, Creatinine and Uric acid in male and female animals. Conclusion: The present study indicates hepatobilliary, nephric and gastrointestinal toxicity in albino swiss mice due to Diclofenac Sodium Toxicity.


Introduction
female rats randomly divided into 4 groups with six male and six female in each group.Permission of the One of the commonly used painkillers, Institutional Animal Ethics Committee was taken Diclofenac is a phenyl acetic acid derivative and is prior to start of experiment.The test item -Diclofenac mostly available in the form of Diclofenac sodium.sodium tablets (Voveran® 50 Batch No.6Z043H Diclofenac has proven anti-inflammatory, analgesic Novartis India Ltd.) having 50mg active drug was and antipyretic properties with seve/re pathologic crushed to fine powder and mixed in distilled water at conditions such as peptic ulceration, gastrointestinal concentration of 1mg/mL concentration.Vehicle used bleeding, hepatotoxicity, renal papillary necrosis and for diluting Diclofenac sodium to obtain the desired renal failure on long-term administration of the drug concentration was distilled water.LD50 of Diclofenac [1,2].Literature review has revealed a lack of in mice was 95 mg/Kg body weight.Accordingly mice sufficient reports about repeated dose pathogenicity were administered Diclofenac sodium at a dose of 0 study of Diclofenac sodium in relation to biochemical mg/kg (control), 2.37 mg/kg (low dose group, 40 times and hematological mice.Also species susceptibility to less than LD50), 4.75 mg/kg (mid dose group, 20 times this compound is highly variable.Nearly two third of less than LD50) and 9.5 mg/kg (high dose group, 10 preclinical studies for human drugs are done on mice. time less than LD50) orally every day with 1 mL It is necessary to investigate whether mice is suitable disposable syringe fitted with stainless steel mice model for Diclofenac toxicity study.Therefore, the feeding needle till 28 days.The constant dose volume present study mainly aimed to describe the toxicity of used for all the dose group throughout the study period Diclofenac sodium in Swiss albino mice following was 5 mL/kg of body weight.After 28 days of repeated 28 days oral administration.
treatment with Diclofenac sodium, blood sample was

Materials and Methods
collected from retro-orbital plexus with the help of capillary tube in two aliquots.In one aliquot, for The study was carried out on 24 male and 24 hematological estimation by adding K3 EDTA and and release of immature RBCs in circulation.During second for serum harvesting for biochemical present study there was no significant change in the estimation.Prior to blood collection rats were fasted total WBC count in both the sexes in all the treatment for 12 hours.Blood smears were also prepared for groups.However, relative values of leukocytes differential leukocyte count.Serum biochemical indicated relative neutrophilia and relative parameters were analyzed using Ecoline Kits (Merck lymphopenia concluding dose dependent Diclofenac Specialities Pvt. Ltd., Ambernath-421501) by auto toxicity.Similar results were observed in rats [3,4], serum analyzer (Selectra Junior, Merck Pvt.Ltd.).The Beagle dogs [5] and calves [6].data were statistically analyzed using SPSS (Ver. Biochemical parameters in serum studied for 10.00).
all the male and female animals were shown in table No. 2 In male and female animals of group IV,

Results and Discussion
significant (P<0.05)changes was observed in AST, Haematological parameters studied for the ALT, Total bilirubin, Total protein, Albumin, entire male and female animals were tabulated in table Globulin, Cholesterol, Urea, Creatinine and Uric acid.No 1.For both sex mean values of TEC, Hb, PCV, In male animals of group III significant alteration were MCV, MCHC of group IV revealed significant (p < observed for ALT, Total bilirubin, Total protein, 0.01 and p < 0.05) reduction compared to control Albumin, Globulin, Creatinine and Uric acid.where as in male animals of group III reveal Whereas in female animals of group III significant significant change in RBCs count, Hb, and PCV.In changes were not observed except for ALT, Total dosage group I and II no induction haematological bilirubin, Urea, Creatinine and Uric acid.Group I and changes were noticed in both sex.Changes in II animals not exhibited any alteration in any haematological picture conclude to anemia and it may biochemical parameters.Biochemical investigations be due to loss of blood during gastrointestinal bleeding thus suggest that oral administration of Diclofenac .