Effect of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae feeding on serum biochemistry in early weaned cross bred piglets

Aim: To assess the effect of feeding live Saccharomyces cerevisiae on serum biochemistry in early weaned cross bred (Landrace × Desi) piglets Materials and Methods: 48 piglets assigned to four different groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4: n=12) following completely randomized design. T1 and T2 were weaned at age of 28 days while T3 and T4 were weaned at age of 42 days. T1 and T3 were fed basal diet without S. cerevisiae, however, T2 and T4 were supplemented with live S. cerevisiae (200 g/d/h containing 26 3×10 cfu/g). Results: The period-wise comparison of mean values of serum albumin and globulin were similar, however, period-wise comparison of protein was significant. The mean glucose value of T4 was statistically higher than T1 and comparable with T2 and T3. The serum total cholesterol level was found to be lower in T2 and T4 as compared to T1 and T3. Conclusion: Results of study suggest that supplementation of live Saccharomyces cerevisiae was effective in improving the health status of early weaned piglets.


Introduction
Serum biochemistry is important indicator of health and disease in animals and has become indispensible Early weaning increase the potential for annual in the diagnosis, treatment or prognosis of many diseases production of piglets per sow and profit of farmer.[5].Deter-mination of the serum biochemistry reflects Weaning is a complex process.At the time of weaning, the physiological responsiveness of the animals to its young piglets are subjected to several stressors such as internal and external environment [6].nutritional, environmental, psychological, social and Keeping above in view, the present study was microbial imbalance resulted in to low feed intake, conducted to assess the effect of feeding live impaired intestinal morphology and function [1].Saccharomyces cerevisiae on serum biochemistry in Antibiotics have traditionally been widely used in early weaned cross bred (Landrace × Desi) piglets.nursery pigs to solve post weaning problems [2].

Materials and Methods
However, there is an increasing evidence of microorganisms becoming resistant to antibiotics in both Ethical approval: Prior approval for experiments was animal and human [3].Feeding of probiotics in piglets taken from Institutional Animal Ethics Committee as came up as an alternative of antibiotics.The best per CPCSEA (Govt. of India) norms.indicator of animal's well being and its potential for A total of 48 crossbred piglets weaned at 28 and production is its health status.Madubuike and 42 days were selected for the present study and were Ekenyem [4] had stated that haematology and serum assigned to four different groups (T1, T2, T3 and T4) biochemistry assay of livestock suggests the physioof 12 piglets in each group.T1 and T2 group piglets logical disposition of the animals to their nutrition.were weaned at 28 days of age and T3 and T4 group

Results and Discussion
(2-3x10 cfu/g feed) as described below and fed @ 200g (on fresh basis) per piglet per day to T2 and T4 The results are presented in Table-3.The plasma groups.The study was continued for 120 days.Blood protein concentration at any given time is in turn a was collected at 0 and 120 days of experimental trial function of hormonal balance, nutritional status, water and serum was collected and then stored at -20°C until balance and other factors affecting the state of health.it analysis.Finally after thawing, serum was analyzed In the present study, serum total proteins, albumin and for various biochemical and enzymatic profiles by globulin remained within normal range [8] and did not standard protocol as per kit (Span Diagnostics Ltd. differ significantly among different dietary treatments.Surat, India) using spectrophotometer.
The period-wise comparison of mean values of serum albumin and globulin were similar, however, period-

Fermentation of maize with S. verevisiae culture:
wise comparison of serum protein was statistically The S. cerevisiae (yeast) culture was maintained by significant.This may be due to improvement in appetite repeated sub culturing on agar slants.The ingredients and feed utilization by the animals.Our results were of yeast extract peptone glucose (YEPG) medium paralleled with that recorded by Bakr et al.
[9] who (composition/1000ml) were yeast extract-3 g, reported no significant difference in the levels of Peptone-5 g, Glucose-10 g, Agar-15 g and distilled serum albumin and globulin in probiotic treated water-1 lit.calves, however, they observed a significant increase Preparation of yeast culture for feeding: From in the levels of serum total proteins.The findings were the agar slant of yeast, a loopful of yeast culture was also in harmony with that recorded by Sayed [10] in transferred aseptically to 100 ml of sterilized broth probiotic treated kid.Chen et al. [11] concluded that (Table 2).The broth was incubated for 24 hours at there was no effect of complex probiotic feeding on 39ºC.Crushed maize (1000g) mixed with 1000 ml of total protein and albumin.The activities of glucose in tap water was inoculated with the 100 ml of 24 hours the present investigation were significantly changed old yeast culture (10% of the total feed) and incubated along the period of the experiments.The present for 24 hours at 39ºC.The fermented material was fed findings were line with the observation of Bakr et al. to the animals and the same fermented material was [9].Serum glucose values also increased both in T2 used as inoculum (20% of concentrate mixture) for and T4 due to supplementation of S. cerevisiae as preparation of next day's fermented feed.After 15 compared to their respective control, though the days, fresh culture was taken as described above and difference was not significant.The serum glucose used consecutively for next 15 days.level of T4 was significantly higher in as compared to decreased in yeast fed piglets as compared to control.probiotic that, when administered through the The values of triglycerides were also lower but not digestive tract, have a positive impact on the host's statistically significant.The present findings were in health through its direct nutritional effect [17].agreement with Jouybari et al.
[12], Ahmadi [13] and Probiotics have the ability to deconjugate with Oie [14] who have observed the low levels of bile acids, enzymatically increasing their rate of cholesterol synthesis in chickens treated with excretion and the use of cholesterol to synthesize new probiotics.Homayouni et al. [15] did conclude the bile lead to the reduction of serum cholesterol level same result in a review.
[18].Serum urea level was within the normal The beneficial effect of S. cerevisiae is attributed physiological range [8] and there was no effect of S. to the fact that it is a naturally rich source of enzymes, cerevisiae feeding.The obtained results were in proteins, minerals and B-complex vitamins [16].Yeast consistent with that reported by Sayed [10].The values culture, and its cell wall extract containing 1,3-1,6 Dof both ALT and AST were within the normal glucan and mannanoligosaccharide, are the important physiological range [8] and no significant difference natural growth promoters for modern livestock.S. was evident in growing pigs irrespective of dietary cerevisiae is considered as one of the most popular treatments.The levels of ALT and AST were

To cite this article:
Kumar S, Verma AK, Mondal SK, Gupta M, Patil AK, Jangir BL (2012) Effect of live Statistical Analysis:The experimental data T1.Significant increased in serum glucose levels in probiotic treated buffalo calves was observed by Bakr generated were analyzed using the statistical software et al.[9].The level of cholesterol was significantly program SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, Illinois, USA).
Saccharomyces cerevisiae feeding on serum biochemistry in early weaned cross bred piglets Biovet ) on some clinical, haematological and beneficial effect on the serum biochemistry profile of biochemical parameters in buffalo calves.Beni-Suef the piglets and it was effective in improving the health Veterinary Medical journal, 19(1): 1-10.status of early weaned piglets.10.Sayed, A.S. (2003).Studies on the influence of Author's contribution pronifer as a probiotics on the clinical, hematological and biochemical status of the goat' kids.Assiut SK, AKV and SKM designed the study.SK, MG, AKP Veterinary Medical Journal, 99(98): 131-143.and BLJ analyzed the samples.SK and AKV analyzed 11.Chen, Y.J., Son, K.S., Min, B.J., Cho, J.H., Kwon, the data.SK and BLJ drafted the manuscript.All O.S. and Kim, I.H. (2005).Effects of dietary probiotic authors read and approved the final manuscript.on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, blood characteristics and fecal noxious gas content in ® (