diazepam premedication for propofol anaesthesia in dogs

Aim: To study the effect of Triflupromazine Hcl and diazepam in combination with propofol as preanaesthetic on haematobiochemical parameters in dogs was carried out. Materials and Methods: 16 clinical cases of dogs undergoing different surgical interventions irrespective of age, sex and breed were allotted randomly in to two groups viz., Group A (Triflupromazine Hcl – propofol) and Group B (diazepam – propofol) consisting eight dogs each. Blood samples were collected at different intervals from both the Groups in heparinised syringes as follows: Prior to premedication, fifteen minutes after premedication, fifteen minutes, one hour, six hour, 24 hour and 48 hour after induction with Propofol. The samples were subjected for various hematological and biochemical analysis. Results: Hematology revealed a significant (P 0.05) fall in total erythrocyte count (TEC), packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb), whereas TLC showed a non significant decrease in both the groups throughout the observation period of 48 hours. In the present study blood glucose level was significantly increased between 15 min to one hour in Group A and 15 min to 6 hours of observation period of the study in Group B. The total plasma protein (TPP), alanine amino transferase (ALT),alkaline phosphatase (AP) and creatinine levels did not differ significantly in both the groups throughout the observation period of 48 hours. Conclusion: Both the anaesthetic combinations were found to be safe and effective with smooth and stress free recovery. However triflupromazine Hcl premedication proved to be better with quick sedative effect, long duration of anaesthesia with less induction dose of propofol and shorter recovery time than diazepam.

Diazepam is a popular benzodiazepine derivative Anaesthesia is an indispensable pre-requisite to for use in different animal species.The drug has a dose most of the surgical interventions, both in humans and dependant effect.The drug was reported to have animals, so that the surgeon can perform surgical minimum effect on respiratory system, heart rate and intervention with maximum precision and sagacity.rectal temperature [3].The drug was reported to cause Anesthetics are available for both parenteral as well as good muscle relaxation and can be used to curb inhalation routes in canine surgery.Propofol is a unique convulsions.However, studies on this combination are non-barbiturate, non-steroid, short-acting general scanty.Hence, the present study was undertaken with intravenous anaesthetic agent [1].Propofol anesthesia an objective to evaluate the efficacy of Triflupromazine in dogs is characterized by its rapid onset, short Hcl and diazepam in combination with propofol as duration, rapid metabolism, and lack of accumulation preanaesthetic on haemato-biochemical parameters in on rapid administration, some degrees of respiratory dogs.depression, and a rapid smooth recovery from anesthesia.More advantageously, it is readily available in the There was a statistically approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of the significant fall in total erythrocyte count (TEC), College.
packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) in both the groups throughout the observation period of Administration of anesthesia: Atropine sulphate 48 hours, which could be attributed to spleenic pooling was injected IM @ 0.04 mg/kg BW to all the dogs irrespective of the group, 30 min prior to administration of blood constituents [5,6], shifting of fluids from extra of sedatives.In group A, Triflupromazine hcl was vascular compartment to intravascular compartment to given IV @ 1 mg/kg BW, whereas Diazepam was maintain normal cardiac output and also could be due injected IV @ 1 mg/kg BW as sedative in group B. to loss of blood during surgery [7].

Fifteen minutes later Propofol (1%) was administered
The result of the present study was in agreement IV @ 5 mg/kg BW till the loss of pedal reflex in both with [8, 9] who observed a similar trend.However no the groups.Further, incremental doses of Propofol significant difference was observed in the hematological were given for maintenance of anesthesia till the parameters during administration of propofol anaeathesia completion of surgery.All the animals from both the [10].Similarly, a significant decrease in PCV and nongroups were clinically evaluated.Site of operation was significant drop in TEC and haemoglobin during prepared aseptically and surgery was performed as per Propofol anaesthesia in dogs was observed [11].Both standard procedures.
the combinations had a similar decreasing effect on the hematological parameters in the present study.Parameters assessed: Blood samples were A non significant decrease in total leukocyte collected at different intervals from both the Groups in count (TLC) was observed in both the groups throughout heparinised syringes as follows: Prior to premedication, the observation period of the experiment.However, fifteen minutes after premedication, fifteen minutes, the decrease in TLC could be attributed to spleenic one hour, six hour, 24 hour and 48 hour after induction pooling of blood constituents at maximal depth of with Propofol.
anaesthesia [2,6] and also could be due to loss of blood Whole blood was used for haematological studies during surgery [7].The results of the present study and blood glucose estimation.Plasma was separated were in accordance with the findings of several and stored in deep freeze until further analysis.The workers [12,13,14].samples were subjected for various hematological and In Group A, differential leukocyte count (DLC) biochemical analysis.. The samples were analyzed for did not change significantly during different periods of total erythrocyte count (TEC millions/cu.mm),packed experiment, except a significant fall in lymphocyte cell volume (PCV%), haemoglobin (Hb g/dl), differential count was observed between 15 minutes to 48 hours of leukocyte count (DLC%), as per standard procedure.observation period, which was in agreement with the The biochemical parameters Alanine amino transferase findings of Sharma et al. [15].In Group B, there was (ALT units/liter), alkaline phosphates (AP units/liter), no statistically significant variation in DLC during plasma creatinine (mg/dl), Total plasma protein (TPP) different periods of observation except for neutrophils, and Blood glucose were estimated by Ames glucometer which was significantly increased between 1 to 48 (Gx, USA).
hours and significant fall in lymphocyte count between 6 to 48 hours of observation period.Similar Statistical Analysis: The mean and standard error findings were reported by David [10] that neutrophilia for all the parameters were computed.The variations with corresponding lymphopenia during Propofol in the clinical and biochemical parameters before, anaesthesia in dogs, whereas, Kim et al, [12] reported during and after anaesthesia at different time intervals no significant change in DLC level during Xylazinefor both the treatments were analyzed by two way Propofol anaesthesia in dogs.

analysis of variance [4]. The comparison between means
In the present study blood glucose level was of groups within and between groups and periods significantly increased between 15 min to one hour in among the treatments were compared by least square Group A and 15 min to 6 hours of observation period of transferase (ALT), alkalinehosphatase (AP) and creatinine the study in Group B. The raise in glucose level might levels did not differ significantly in both the groups be due to the anaesthetic agents, which seems to exert throughout the observation period of 48 hours [17].their effect on subcortical pathway, which is responsible Comparing the haematological parameters, a for regulation of Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) significant fall in values of total erythrocyte count, and produces stress like condition with increased release packed cell volume, haemoglobin were observed in of glucocarticoides [16].
both the groups.No significant changes were observed The total plasma protein (TPP), alanine amino in Total leukocyte count of both the Groups.No changes

To cite this article: Suresha
L, Ranganath BN, Vasanth MS, Ranganath L (2012) Haemato-biochemical studies on triflupromazine HCL and diazepam premedication for propofol anaesthesia in dogs, Vet World, 5(11): 672-675, doi: 10.5455/vetworld.2012.672-67516 clinical cases of dogs undergoing different surgical significance difference test (LSD test) using SPSS procedures irrespective of age, sex and breed software.presented to the Department of veterinary Surgery and

Table - 1
. Comparative results of haemato-biochemical parameters recorded in group A and group B animals at different intervals (mean ± SE) Haemato-biochemical studies on triflupromazine HCL and diazepam premedication for propofol anaesthesia in dogs Means bearing any one common superscript either in rows (a,b,c,d,e,f) or in column (x,y) didn't differ significantly(P<0.05).