pyometra in bitches

Aim: The current study was done to study the therapeutic effect of natural prostaglandin in treatment of canine pyometra. Materials and Methods: Seven bitches were treated with natural PGF · i.e. dinoprost tromethamine at the dose rate of 100 2 µg/kg body weight subcutaneously once daily for 7 days with supportive therapies. The physiological, haematological and th th biochemical parameters were studied before (0 day) and after treatment (8 day). Therapeutic efficacy was assessed in terms of return of abnormal parameters to either normal or near normal value as compared to the untreated control group, intensity of side effects and post treatment reproductive status. Results: All physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters in the seven treated bitches returned to normal range at the end of treatment. The intensity of side effects was quite severe in the treatment group. Six bitches came to estrus within 2 months of treatment and out of them four conceived on subsequent mating. In rest three bitches there was recurrence of pyometra within 4 months of treatment. Conclusion: Though conception rate of recovered bitches is decreased when compared with that of normal healthy bitches still this treatment protocol can be used successfully in treatment of canine pyometra to conserve the breeding capability of bitches.


Introduction
dins, repeated doses are required to cause luteal regression.Administration of prostaglandins caused Pyometra is the accumulation of purulent significant adverse effects including salivation, vomiting, material occurred within the lumen of the uterus in straining, diarrhoea, pyrexia and occasionally respiintact bitches [1] which was reported to induce high ratory distress [7].Immediate breeding of the treated mortality in bitches if not treated [2].It is recognized as bitches during the estrus is recommended to prevent one of the main causes of disease and death in the bitch the recurrence [8].Fertility of recovered bitches is [3].It is a common disease in countries where routine decreased when compared with that of normal, spaying of young dogs is not common practice [4].In untreated bitches [9].most cases, the treatment of choice is ovariohysterec-Though several literatures are available on use of tomy, but surgery is a radical form of treatment that natural prostaglandin in treatment of pyometra but the prevents any further reproduction.In order to conserve previous researches depict controversial findings.So the breeding capability of valuable females, medical the current study was done to study the therapeutic treatment can be attempted which usually involved the effect of natural prostaglandin in treatment of canine repeated administration of prostaglandins [5,6]  There was significant increase in mean studied before (0 day) and after treatment (8 day).
haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total erythrocyte Attempts were made to contact the owners of the count level (P<0.05)indicating resolution of anaemia bitches that recovered after various treatments to on day 8 as compared to control group bitches.There obtain the follow up data.All the data pertaining to post was significant decrease in mean total leucocyte count treatment return to estrus, breeding, conception and (P<0.05),neutrophil count and monocyte count level recurrence were made.Therapeutic efficacy was (P<0.01) with increase in lymphocyte count as assessed in terms of return of abnormal parameters to compared to control group bitches resulting in normal either normal or near normal value as compared to the th blood picture in all the treated bitches on 8 day of untreated control group, intensity of side effects and observation which is reported in  dependent [17] and were known to diminish with came to estrus within 2 months of treatment which repetition of treatment [15].Though all the above were subsequently mated.Out of them four bitches authors had reported salivation as the most common conceived as confirmed by ultrasonography resulting side effect observed after PGF α therapy, in the present  providing mild walk to bitches after PGF α injection in tromethamine for treatment of canine pyometra in 2 some study [14].Natural prostaglandin is preferable to order to facilitate early metabolism and excretion of prostaglandin analogues, as it not only induced PGF α end product [5,21].However, use of natural 2 substantial luteolysis, but also resulted in more PGF α at a dose of 20 µg/kg body weight [11] and 30 2 substantial uterine contractions [15].There was µg/kg body weight [12] in repeated doses daily for significant change in haematological parameters in the treatment of canine pyometra showed no adverse side treatment group as compared to control group bitches effects which might be due to the lower dose used.resulting in normal blood picture in all the treated In the present study recurrence rate was in th bitches on 8 day of observation.These findings were accordance with the previous reports of 40 per cent [5]. in accordance with the previous reports [5,11,14].
At the time of relapse of the disease there were again There was significant change in biochemical the typically raised

2 in 57 .
15 per cent conception rate in the treated group.study it was not observed might be due to the Discussion administration of Atropine sulphate 10-15 minutes prior to administration of PGF α [20].Attempts were All the animals in the treated group recovered 2 made to minimise the side effects by withholding food after completion of treatment protocol which is similar and water supplied to the bitches 4-6 hours prior to to the previous findings [11-13].However, 48.57 per administration of PGF α, use of Atropine sulphate and cent recovery rate was reported by using Dinoprost

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, Castex G., Klima L., Rodrıguez R. and Corrada dose rate of 100 µg/kg body weight once daily for 7 Y. (2003) A study of two protocols combining aglepristone days subcutaneously along with supportive therapy and cloprostenol to treat open cervix pyometra in the bitch, with all physiological, haematological and biochemical Theriogenology, 60 : 901-908.10.Snedecor G. W. and Cochran W. G. (1994) Statistical parameters returning to normal range.This was further th Methods.8 Edn.Iowa State University Press, USA.confirmed by using ultrasonography which revealed 11.Arnold S., Hubler M., Casal M., Fairburn A., Baumann D., uterus either invisible or difficult to visualise.The Flueckiger M. and Ruesch P. (1988) Use of low dose intensity of side effects were quite severe might be due prostaglandin for treatment of canine pyometra, Journal of to higher dose of natural PGF α (Dinoprost Small Animal Practice, 29 : 303-308.

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Sridevi P., Balasubramanian S., Devanathan T. G. and tromethamine) used for the treatment.Three bitches Pattabiraman S. R. (2000) Low dose prostaglandin F alpha 2 showed recurrence of pyometra within 4 months of therapy in treatment of canine pyometra, Indian Vet.J, 77 : treatment.As conception rate was at optimum level this 889-890.protocol can be successfully tried in treatment of 13.Pande N., Prabhakar S., Gandotra V. K., Nanda A. S. and Singla V. K. (2004) Comparative efficacy of parenteral and canine pyometra where the breeding capability of the intravaginal administration of PGF α for treatment of 2 animal is desired to be conserved.pyometra in bitches, Indian Journal of Animal Reproduction, 25 : 17-18.Authors' contribution 14.Tsumagari S., Ishinazaka T., Kamata H., Ohba S., Tanaka S., This article is the part of MVSc research work of the Ishii M. and Memon M. A. (2005) Induction of canine which pyometra.causes lysis of the corpora lutea and a reduction in plasma progesterone concentration.Low progesterone in the age group of one to twelve years that were uterine fluid.As corpora lutea of bitches are relatively brought to the Animal Reproduction, Gynaecology and insensitive to the effects of administered prostaglan-Obstetrics Unit, Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Bhoiguda and Campus Hospital, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad with known breeding history or having clinical symptoms suspected for open type of pyometra which was further weight once daily for 7 days subcutaneously along with confirmed by using diagnostic methods like abdominal supportive therapy (100 per cent recovery rate) which palpation, radiography and ultrasound examination resulted in disappearance of externally visible clinical were taken for the study.Bitches were divided into two signs of pyometra.Bitches became active and alert by th groups each consisting of seven bitches and subjected 8 day of treatment.There was total ceasation

Table -
th serum biochemistry in all the treated bitches on 8 dayResultsof observation which is represented inTable-1.Other Treatment response: All the seven bitches were physiological, haematological and biochemical successfully treated by using natural PGF α (Dinoprost parameters did not show any significant change 2 tromethamine) at the dose rate of 100 µg/kg body following treatment with PGF α as compared to control

Table - 1
. Physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters These findings were in agreement with the haematological and biochemical parameters of control previous reports of treatment of pyometra using natural group and treatment group has been represented in the PGF α for at the dose rate of 250 µg/kg/day for 5 days AST, decreased ALT and increased parameters in the treatment group as compared to AST/ALT [16].However, in contrary to the present control group bitches resulting in normal serum report, it has been reported that there was no recurrence th biochemistry in all the treated bitches on 8 day of of pyometra within 10 months [11], 12 months [14] and 6 months [18] of observation period.Immediate first author.All authors contributed equally in the breeding of the treated bitches during the estrus is whole research work as well as in the preparation of recommended to prevent the recurrence [8].manuscript.All authors read and approved the final Prostaglandin treatment did not eliminate the disease, manuscript.but only reduced it to a subclinical level.Deep-seated The conception rate in the present study was in Concentrations of cardiac Troponin I before and after ovariohysterectomy in 46 female dogs with pyometra, Acta accordance with the previous finding where it has been 2the report of the present study.