Veterinary World, EISSN: 2231-0916 Available at www.veterinaryworld.org/Vol.6/Oct-2013/20.pdf RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access

Aim: The present experiment was conducted to investigate and compare the haematological parameters of different pig breeds available at Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India viz. Andaman wild pig, Nicobari pig, Andaman desi pig and Large White Yorkshire (LWY). Six erythrocyte traits, seven leukocyte traits and four platelet traits were assessed. Materials and Methods: 10 ml blood was collected from each adult pig via external jugular vein aseptically in a collection tube containing anticoagulant EDTA (2 mg EDTA/ml of blood). All these haematological parameters were measured by an instrument named Cell Counter Analyzer MS9-5V (Melet Schloesing Laboratories). 6 Results: A significantly (p<0.05) higher Red Blood Cell Concentration (RBC in 10 /µl), Packed Cell Volume (PCV in %) and Haemoglobin concentration (Hgb in g/dl) was found in Andaman wild pig in comparison to all other pig breeds. The Total 3 White Blood Cell Concentration (WBC in 10 /µl) was significantly (P<0.05) higher in Andaman wild pig in comparison to all the other pig breeds studied. The ratio of Neutrophil and Lymphocyte (N:L) was lowest in Andaman wild pig and was highest 3 in LWY. No significant difference (P<0.05) was found in total Blood Platelet Concentration (PLT in 10 /µl) between Andaman wild pig and LWY but the values were significantly higher in comparison to Andaman desi pig and Nicobari pig. Conclusions: The haematological parameters of different pig breeds available at Andaman and Nicobar Islands were investigated and compared and based on haematological parameters it was found that Andaman wild pig is best adapted in the hot humid climate of Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Large White Yorkshire is least adapted.


Introduction
and Nicobar Islands and mostly reared by the tribes and native people of Andaman and Nicobar Islands [5].

Blood plays the vital role of transporting nutrients
There are four different genetic groups of pigs to every cell of our body and fulfills the regulatory, available in these Islands.They are Andaman wild pig, protective and homeostatic functions in mammals [1].
Nicobari pig, Andaman desi pig and pure and cross Haematological profiles are important indicators of breeds of Large White Yorkshire (LWY).The health and disease in both human beings as well as in Andaman wild pig (Sus scrofa andamanensis), an animals and have been used routinely as a guide in the endangered pig germplasm of Andaman and Nicobar diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of many diseases Islands, is available in the Jarawa reserve forest area.[2].Almost every change that takes place in the They are being poached by the primitive Jarawa tribes mammalian body is reflected in the blood.Hence, and are the main source of protein for them.Nicobari determination of blood profiles reflects the physiological pigs (Sus domesticus) locally known as Ha-un are responsiveness of the animals to its internal and reared by the Nicobari tribes of Nicobar Islands and external environment [3].Change in haematological serves as the main animal protein source for their parameters is also an important tool to access the level livelihood.Moreover, pigs are treated as an asset and of stresses due to environment and nutritional factors [4].
are religiously attached to Nicobari tribes.CORR procedures.The differences between

Materials and Methods
treatments were analyzed using a one way analysis of variance (ANOVA).Differences with a confidence Ethical approval: All the present experiments comply level of 0.05 or less were considered to be significant.with all relevant institutional and national animal welfare guidelines and policies.Blood samples from

Andaman wild pig were collected with the official
Erythrocytic values: The comparative erythrocytic permission from the Department of Environment and parameters are presented in Andaman wild pig had significantly (p<0.05)lower into hemoconcentration [15].In the present study, the Neu% in comparison to all the other pig breeds; the samples were collected from wild pigs maintained in value was highest in LWY.Eos% was highest in Mini-zoo provided with sufficient food and water Andaman wild pig followed by Andaman desi pig, which excludes the possibility of hemoconcentration Nicobari pig and LWY.No significant differences were as a cause of higher values of PCV, Hgb and RBC.It found in Bas% among all the pig breeds studied.The N may be hypothesized that the higher values of Hgb, and L ratio was lowest in Andaman wild pig and was PCV and RBC indicate an enhanced need for oxygen as highest in LWY.The MCV of Andaman wild pig was wild pig is fast runner.MCV of Andaman wild pig and also significantly (p<0.05)higher in comparison to Nicobari pig was significantly higher in comparison to Andaman desi pig and LWY.
Andaman desi pig and LWY.Higher values of MCV in wild pigs impute an enhanced need for oxygen [13].
Pct in %).All these haematological tological tests and for evaluation of the adaptability of parameters were measured by using Cell Counter the pigs to the local environment.As no information on Analyzer MS9-5V (Melet Schloesing Laboratories).these aspects was available, the present study was Statistical analysis: All the data collected were designed to determine and compare the different analyzed with the SAS Software Release 8.2 (SAS haematological parameters of the pig genotypes Inst., Inc., Cray, NC) with the Proc GLM and Proc available in these Islands.

Table -
Andaman desi pigs were reared by the MCH of Nicobari pig was found significantly (p<0.05)nativepeople of Andaman and LWY pigs were higher in comparison to all the other pig breeds, the maintained in our Institute farm.value was lowest in LWY.No significant differences 6 (p<0.05)lower Lym% in comparison to all the other Blood Cell Concentration (RBC in 10 /µl), pig breeds, no significant difference was found among Haemoglobin (Hgb in g/dl), Packed cell Volume (PCV Andaman wild pig, Nicobari pig and Andaman desi in %), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV in fl), Mean pig.A significantly (p<0.05)higher Mon% was found Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCH in pg) and Mean in LWY as compared to all the other pig breeds.Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration (MCHC in

Table - 1
. Comparative Erythrocytic parameters of different pig breeds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands [17]and PCV were reported in wild[12].The WBC count was found lowest in LWY.The boar byHarapin et al. [12]and in wild piglets by Tusek WBC count of pigs from Southeastern Nigeria was et al.[13].Higher PCV value was also reported in 6 reported to be 25.92±8.08X10/µl[17].In the present Javan warty pig (Sus verrucosus), an endemic pig to study, the WBC count of Andaman desi pig, Nicobari Java and Bawean Islands[14].Elevations of Hgb, PCV pig and LWY were lower than that reported in Nigerian and RBC often occur with physical exertion resulting

Table - 2
. Comparative leucocytic parameters of different pig breeds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands Values are presented as Mean±Standard Deviation A,B,C,D Values within the same row with different superscripts differ significantly (P<0.05).

Table - 3
. Comparative thrombocytic parameters of different pig breeds of Andaman and Nicobar Islands : platelet count; MPV: Mean Platelet Volume; Pct: Plateletocrit; PDW: Platelet Distribution Width; Values are presented as Mean±Standard Deviation A,B,C,D Values within the same row with different superscripts differ significantly (P<0.05). PLT