Pseudopregnancy in goats: Sonographic prevalence and associated risk factors in Khartoum State, Sudan

Vet World Vol.11 April-2018 Article-18

Research Article

Veterinary World, 11(4): 525-529

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2018.525-529

Areeg Mohamed Almubarak¹, Naglaa Abd Elhakeem Abass², Majdi Elnaim Badawi¹, Mohamed Tagelddin Ibrahim³, Abdelhamid Ahmed Elfadil², and Rihab Mohamed Abdelghafar¹

1. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 204, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan.
2. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 204, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan.
3. Department of Animal Production Science and Technology, College of Science and Technology of Animal Production, Sudan University of Science and Technology, P.O. Box 204, Hilat Kuku, Khartoum North, Sudan.

Background and Aim: This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of pseudopregnancy in goats and to investigate potential risk factors associated with the condition in Khartoum State.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2015 to February 2016. A total of 378 female goats which presented to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sudan University of Science and Technology, for routine ultrasonographic pregnancy diagnosis were examined. Ultrasound scanning was performed using a real-time scanner equipped with dual-frequency (3.5-5 MHz) curvilinear transducer.

Results: The results showed that the prevalence of pseudopregnancy in goats in Khartoum State was 10.6%. Risk factors such as general body condition (χ2=5.974; p=0.05), age (χ2=11.760; p=0.0129), type of estrus (χ2=12.794; p=0.000), and previous reproductive performance (χ2=13.397; p=0.020) showed significant association (p≤0.05) with the occurrence of pseudopregnancy in the univariate analysis. Breed (χ2=12.627; p=0.082), milk yield (χ2=5.951; p=0.114), type of feeding (χ2=1.721; p=0.190), season (χ2=2.661; p=0.264), locality (χ2=7.66; p=0.264), parity number (χ2=0.451; p=0.767), and rearing system (χ2=1.593; p=0.451) were not significantly associated with pseudopregnancy.

Conclusion: The prevalence of pseudopregnancy in goats in Khartoum State was 10.6%. Pseudopregnancy in goats is significantly associated with age, type of estrus, general body condition, and previous reproductive performance. This study showed for the first time that pseudopregnancy is a real reproductive problem in goats in Khartoum State. Keywords: goat, hydrometra, prevalence, risk factors, Sudan, ultrasound.

Keywords: goat, hydrometra, prevalence, risk factors, Sudan, ultrasound.

How to cite this article: Almubarak AM, Abass NA, Badawi ME, Ibrahim MT, Elfadil AA, Abdelghafar RM (2018) Pseudopregnancy in goats: Sonographic prevalence and associated risk factors in Khartoum State, Sudan, Veterinary World, 11(4): 525-529.

Received: 27-12-2017 Accepted: 07-03-2018 Published online: 23-04-2018

Corresponding author: Areeg Mohamed Almubarak E-mail: areegalmubarak@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.525-529

Copyright: Almubarak, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.