Vet World Vol.12 February-2019 Article-6
Research Article
Veterinary World, 12(2): 224-230
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.224-230
Coinfection of diarrheagenic bacterial and viral pathogens in piglets of Northeast region of India
2. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Central Agricultural University, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.
Background and Aim: This study aimed to study the prevalence of the coinfection of enteric bacterial and viral pathogens, namely Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Rotavirus, and Picobirnavirus from fecal samples of pre-weaned piglets in Northeast region of India.
Materials and Methods: A total of 457 fresh fecal samples were collected from piglets under 9 weeks old during 2013-2015 from organized (n=225) and unorganized (n=232) farms of Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland. Samples were collected from diarrheic (n =339) and non-diarrheic (n=118) piglets including local indigenous (n=130) and crossbreed (n=327) piglets in different seasons during the study period. The samples were processed for the isolation of E. coli and Salmonella and detection of their putative virulence genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Samples were also processed for the detection of Rotavirus and Picobirnavirus by RNA-polyacrylamide agarose gel electrophoresis and reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR).
Results: A total of 11 (2.40%) samples were found positive for two or more coinfecting enteric bacterial and viral pathogens. All the 11 positive fecal samples were recovered from diarrheic piglets. Salmonella Typhimurium (enterotoxin, stn gene) and Picobirnavirus genogroup 1 were found to be more frequent as coinfecting agents. Coinfection was recorded higher in unorganized (3.87%) compared to organized farm (0.88%). Again, higher detection was recorded in crossbreed (2.75%) than local indigenous piglets (1.53%). The occurrence of coinfection was found to be more common during summer (4.68%) followed by winter (2.27%) season.
Conclusion: The present study highlighted the significance of E. coli, Salmonella, Rotavirus, and Picobirnavirus as important diarrheagenic pathogens causing coinfection in piglets in Northeast region of India. Probably, this is the first systematic study of the coinfection of four important diarrheagenic bacterial and viral agents associated with piglet diarrhea in India. Keywords: coinfection, Escherichia coli, Picobirnavirus, piglets, Rotavirus, Salmonella.
Keywords: coinfection, Escherichia coli, Picobirnavirus, piglets, Rotavirus, Salmonella.
How to cite this article: Kylla H, Dutta TK, Roychoudhury P, Subudhi PK (2019) Coinfection of diarrheagenic bacterial and viral pathogens in piglets of Northeast region of India, Veterinary World, 12(2): 224-230.
Received: 15-10-2018 Accepted: 26-12-2018 Published online: 09-02-2019
Corresponding author: Hosterson Kylla E-mail: hosterkylla123@yahoo.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.224-230
Copyright: Kylla, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.