Vet World Vol.14 August-2021 Article-3
Research Article
Veterinary World, 14(8): 2002-2008
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.2002-2008
Biochemical, electrolytic, and cardiovascular evaluations in cats with urethral obstruction
2. Scientific Initiation Volunteer (CNPq), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá – Mato Grosso, Brazil.
3. Department of Statistics, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá - MT, Brazil.
4. Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá – Mato Grosso, Brazil.
Background and Aim: Urethral obstruction (UO) is a common condition in feline medicine. Severe acid-base and electrolyte disorders promote relevant electrocardiographic changes in these animals. Cardiac biomarkers such as cardiac troponin I have been shown to be useful in identifying cats with myocardial disease, but it has not been investigated whether UO leads to myocardial damages. This study aimed to evaluate biochemical changes, electrocardiographic findings, troponin I measurements, and electrolyte disturbances for 7 days in cats with UO.
Materials and Methods: This follow-up prospective study included 33 cats diagnosed with UO for 7 days. For all cats, clinical examination, serum biochemistry, electrolyte analyses, blood pressure, and electrocardiography were performed. Cardiac troponin I was measured in the serum in 16 cats at 3 different times.
Results: The mean age of the feline population was 1.83±1.58 years (mean±standard deviation). Creatinine, urea, blood urea nitrogen, glucose, phosphorus, base excess, bicarbonate, and serum potassium decreased significantly (p≤0.05), while ionic calcium and blood pH increased significantly (p≤0.05) at different times. Electrocardiographic abnormalities were observed in 21/33 (63.63%) of the felines on admission day. The electrocardiographic abnormalities were no longer observed on the subsequent days. Only one feline showed changes in troponin I cardiac concentrations.
Conclusion: This study suggests the sum and severity of electrolyte abnormalities aggravate the clinical and cardiovascular status of these patients. However, cTnI, blood pressure, and heart rate within the reference range do not exclude the presence of major cardiovascular and metabolic abnormalities. The hyperglycemia in felines with UO appears to be associated with decreased renal clearance, which may reflect the severity of hyperkalemia and azotemia. The metabolic and cardiovascular changes of these felines are minimized by the establishment of appropriate intensive care; however, cardiac and blood gas monitoring is essential to assess the severity of the disease. Keywords: arrhythmia, feline lower urinary tract disease, hyperkalemia, troponin I cardiac.
Keywords: arrhythmia, feline lower urinary tract disease, hyperkalemia, troponin I cardiac.
How to cite this article: Canei DH, Pereira ME, de Freitas MN, Trevisan YPA, Zorzo C, Bortolini J, Mendonça AJ, Sousa VRF, de Almeida ABPF (2021) Biochemical, electrolytic, and cardiovascular evaluations in cats with urethral obstruction, Veterinary World, 14(8): 2002-2008.
Received: 14-03-2021 Accepted: 21-06-2021 Published online: 04-08-2021
Corresponding author: Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida E-mail: arleferreira@gmail.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2002-2008
Copyright: Canei, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.