Vet World Vol.14 August-2021 Article-32
Research Article
Veterinary World, 14(8): 2230-2237
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.2230-2237
Diagnosis of naturally occurring lumpy skin disease virus infection in cattle using virological, molecular, and immunohistopathological assays
2. Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
3. Department of Pathology Research, Animal Health Research Institute (Zagazig Branch), Agriculture Research Center, 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
4. Genome Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt.
Background and Aim: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a contagious viral disease that has great economic losses among Egyptian breeding flocks. The present study was designed to compare the results of different diagnostic approaches used for the diagnosis of LSD virus (LSDV).
Materials and Methods: A total of 73 skin nodule samples were collected from suspected infected cattle with LSDV from some Egyptian governorates during 2019 and 2020. Trials for virus isolation (VI) and identification on embryonated chicken eggs (ECEs) were conducted. Molecular detection, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examination were also conducted.
Results: The virus was isolated into ECEs, and 58 samples of 73 were positive and gave a characteristic pock lesion on the chorioallantoic membrane. Twenty-two representative nodular skin specimens of the 58 positive samples were selected to be used for molecular, histopathological, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) diagnosis. Conventional polymerase chain reaction succeeded in detecting LSDV DNA in all tested 22 skin nodule samples. Histological examination of skins of different cases revealed various alterations depending on the stage of infection. IHC was used as a confirmatory test for detecting LSDV antigen in the tissues of the skin nodules of infected cattle using specific anti-LSDV antibodies. Lumpy skin viral antigen was detected within the cytoplasm of the epidermal basal cells layer and prickle cell and within the cytoplasm of the hair follicles' epithelial outer and inner roots.
Conclusion: This study confirmed the prevalence of LSDV infection in different Egyptian governorates during 2019 and 2020. In addition, histopathology and IHC could be potential methods to confirm Lumpy skin disease infection besidesVI and molecular detection. Keywords: histopathology, immunohistochemistry, isolation, lumpy skin disease virus, polymerase chain reaction.
Keywords: histopathology, immunohistochemistry, isolation, lumpy skin disease virus, polymerase chain reaction.
How to cite this article: Amin DM, Shehab G, Emran R, Hassanien RT, Alagmy GN, Hagag NM, Abd-El-Moniem MII, Habashi AR, Ibraheem EM, Shahein MA (2021) Diagnosis of naturally occurring lumpy skin disease virus infection in cattle using virological, molecular, and immunohistopathological assays, Veterinary World, 14(8): 2230-2237.
Received: 16-03-2021 Accepted: 13-07-2021 Published online: 27-08-2021
Corresponding author: Rabab T. Hassanien E-mail: dr_rababtaha@yahoo.com
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2230-2237
Copyright: Amin, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.