Immunohistochemical and molecular profiling of CD 117, Oct-4, and Sox-2 in canine cutaneous mast cell tumor of the crossbred dogs in Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand

Vet World Vol.14 October-2021 Article-10

Research Article

Veterinary World, 14(10): 2646-2654

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2021.2646-2654

Sirilak Meesuwan^1,2, Dettachai Ketpun^2,3,4, Prapruddee Piyaviriyakul^2,5, Kasem Rattanapinyopituk^2,6, Pattharakrit Theewasutrakul^2,7, and Achariya Sailasuta^2,6

1. Veterinary Pathobiology Program, Graduate School, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand.
2. Companion Animal Cancer Research Unit, CAC-RU, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
3. Veterinary Pathology and Diagnosis Centre, Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
4. One Health Research Centre, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand.
5. Department of Physiology, Biochemistry Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
6. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
7. Oncology Clinic, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.

Background and Aim: CD 117 (c-KIT) internal tandem duplication (ITD), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct-4), and sex-determining region Y-box 2 (Sox-2) may govern the oncogenicity and aggressiveness of canine cutaneous mast cell tumor (MCT) in the crossbred dogs. Thus, a comprehension of this matter may help us establishing a novel platform to treat the disease in those dogs. However, evidence has lacked so far. Thus, this study aimed to survey CD 117 ITD, Oct-4, and Sox-2 expressions and their relations to the 2-tier grading in a group of Thai crossbreed dogs. The study was done using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR), and immunohistochemistry.

Materials and Methods: Thirty-three MCT specimens graded by the 2-tier histopathology grading were collected from the crossbred and purebred dogs. CD 117 ITD was detected by conventional PCR and immunohistochemistry. While, Oct-4 and Sox-2 expression levels were determined at the protein and mRNA levels by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively. The expression magnitude of each parameter was then related to the grades and breeds.

Results: About 60.61% of specimens were low grade, while 39.39% were high grade. CD 117 ITD was not detected in all specimens. A significant increase of Oct-4 expression was found in the high-grade, crossbred dogs. Meanwhile, Sox-2 expressions were increased both in the purebred and crossbred dogs with high-grade MCT.

Conclusion: The study finding has indicated that the level of Sox-2 expression may be a useful tumorigenic and prognostic biomarker because it correlates to the 2-tier grades but not dog breeds. Keywords: canine, CD 117, crossbred, mast cell tumor, octamer-binding transcription factor 4, sex-determining region Y-box 2.

Keywords: canine, CD 117, crossbred, mast cell tumor, octamer-binding transcription factor 4, sex-determining region Y-box 2.

How to cite this article: Meesuwan S, Ketpun D, Piyaviriyakul P, Rattanapinyopituk K, Theewasutrakul P, Sailasuta A (2021) Immunohistochemical and molecular profiling of CD 117, Oct-4, and Sox-2 in canine cutaneous mast cell tumor of the crossbred dogs in Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, Veterinary World, 14(10): 2646-2654.

Received: 17-03-2021 Accepted: 02-09-2021 Published online: 15-10-2021

Corresponding author: Achariya Sailasuta E-mail: achariya.sa@chula.ac.th

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2646-2654

Copyright: Meesuwan, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.