Impact of serum C-reactive protein level as a biomarker of cancer dissemination in canine lymphoid neoplasia

Vet World Vol.15 December-2022 Article-7

Research Article

Veterinary World, 15(12): 2810-2815

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2810-2815

Nawin Manachai^1,2,3, Duangchanok Umnuayyonvaree^1,2, Panitnan Punyathi^1,2, Anudep Rungsipipat^1,2, and Kasem Rattanapinyopituk^1,2

1. Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.
2. Center of Excellence - Companion Animal Cancer (CE-CAC), Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.
3. Department of Companion Animals and Wildlife Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.

Background and Aim: C-reactive protein (CRP) is a highly sensitive but non-specific acute phase protein that has been widely used to predict the biological behavior of patients with cancer. This study aimed to examine the significance of the serum CRP biomarker in predicting the prognosis of dogs with lymphoma.

Materials and Methods: Blood samples (5 mL) were collected from 34 lymphoma dogs and control healthy dogs. Canine lymphoma clinical staging was classified using the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria. All lymphoma dogs were reclassified into two groups based on the disease stage. Stages IV and V were designated as advanced stages, and Stages I–III were designated as other stages. The serum CRP level was then determined using a commercial canine CRP fluorescent immunoassay kit and routine hematological and biochemical analyses. C-reactive protein levels, circulating inflammatory parameters, such as neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and albumin levels were compared between advanced stages (IV and V) and Stages I to III using Mann–Whitney U tests. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were also generated to determine the cutoff value, diagnostic sensitivity, and specificity of the CRP level.

Results: A prospective study identified 34 dogs recently diagnosed with canine lymphoma. C-reactive protein levels were significantly higher in lymphoma dogs in advanced stages (IV and V) than in lymphoma dogs in Stages I–III. According to the ROC curve analysis, a CRP cutoff level of 54.1 mg/L indicates advanced-stage canine lymphoma, which can be used as a biomarker to predict cancer dissemination.

Conclusion: Serum CRP concentrations can assist clinical decision-making on the WHO stage in lymphoma dogs in clinical applications. The limitations of this study include a small number of lymphomas and no survival analysis. Keywords: advanced stage lymphoma, biomarker, dogs, serum C-reactive protein.

Keywords: advanced stage lymphoma, biomarker, dogs, serum C-reactive protein.

How to cite this article: Manachai N, Umnuayyonvaree D, Punyathi P, Rungsipipat A, and Rattanapinyopituk K (2022) Impact of serum C-reactive protein level as a biomarker for cancer dissemination in canine lymphoid neoplasia, Veterinary World, 15(12): 2810–2815.

Received: 15-06-2022 Accepted: 26-10-2022 Published online: 10-12-2022

Corresponding author: Kasem Rattanapinyopituk E-mail: kasem.r@chula.ac.th

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2810-2815

Copyright: Manachai, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.