Vet World Vol.15 January-2022 Article-10
Research Article
Veterinary World, 15(1): 76-82
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.76-82
Effect of methanolic extract from Capsicum annuum against the multiplication of several Babesia species and Theileria equi on in vitro cultures, and Babesia microti in mice
2. Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
3. Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
4. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
Background and Aim: Piroplasmosis is a serious disease that infects animals, inflicting significant economic losses in the livestock industry and animal trade worldwide. Anti-piroplasm drugs now on the market have demonstrated host toxicity and parasite resistance. As a result, developing more effective and safer anti-piroplasm drugs becomes an urgent issue. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of Capsicum annuum methanolic extract (CA) against the growth of Babesia bovis, Babesia divergens, Babesia caballi, and Theileria equi in vitro and against B. microti in mice.
Materials and Methods: Fluorescence-based SYBR Green I assay was used to evaluate CA's inhibitory effect in vitro and in vivo when used either as a monotherapy or combined with diminazene aceturate (DA). The hematological parameters (HCT, hemoglobin, and red blood cells counts) were determined in the blood of mice every 96 h using Celltac α MEK-6450 electronic hematology analyzer.
Results: The in vitro growth of B. bovis, B. divergens, T. equi, and B. caballi was inhibited by CA in a dose-dependent manner with IC50 values of 4.87±1.23, 44.11±8.03, 8.23±2.54, and 1.26±0.50 mg/mL, respectively. In B. microti-infected mice, a combination therapy consisting of CA and a low dose of DA showed a significant (p<0.05) inhibition of B. microti growth nearly similar to those obtained by treatment with the full dose of DA.
Conclusion: The obtained results indicate that CA might be a promising medicinal plant for treating babesiosis, especially when used with a low dose of DA. Keywords: Babesia, Capsicum annuum, combination therapy, in vitro, in vivo, Theileria.
Keywords: Babesia, Capsicum annuum, combination therapy, in vitro, in vivo, Theileria.
How to cite this article: Rizk MA, El-Sayed SAE, Al-Araby M, Igarashi I (2022) Effect of methanolic extract from Capsicum annuum against the multiplication of several Babesia species and Theileria equi on in vitro cultures, and Babesia microti in mice, Veterinary World, 15(1): 76-82.
Received: 26-08-2021 Accepted: 23-12-2021 Published online: 20-01-2022
Corresponding author: Mohamed Abdo Rizk and Ikuo Igarashi E-mail: dr_moh_abdo2008@mans.edu.eg and igarcpmi@obihiro.ac.jp
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.76-82
Copyright: Rizk, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.