Antibiotic resistance profiles and activity of clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated of canine otitis

Vet World Vol.15 October-2022 Article-16

Research Article

Veterinary World, 15(10): 2499-2505

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2499-2505

Larissa Vieira Costa¹, Janaina Marcela Assunção Rosa Moreira¹, Isabela de Godoy Menezes², Valéria Dutra³, and Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida³

1. Program of Postgraduate in Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá – Mato Grosso, Brazil.
2. Medical Sciences College, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
3. Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso, Cuiabá – Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Background and Aim: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is often isolated from acute and chronic otitis and deep pyoderma in dogs. The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics induced the need for alternative therapies to treat infections, with an emphasis on essential oils (EOs). This study aimed to investigate clove oil's in vitro bactericidal action as a therapeutic alternative against strains of P. aeruginosa isolated from canine otitis.

Materials and Methods: The antibacterial activity of clove oil was evaluated by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) using the broth microdilution technique in 96-well plates. Serial concentrations of 10–0.31% of the oil were used, equivalent to 104.5–3.26 mg/mL. The susceptibility of isolates to different classes of antibiotics was determined by the disk diffusion technique using 20 antibiotics belonging to eight classes. Isolates resistant to at least one antibiotic of three different classes were considered multidrug-resistant (MDR).

Results: A high occurrence of resistance was observed for three antibiotics belonging to the cephalosporin classes (cefadroxil, cephalexin, and ceftriaxone), namely, sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprime, doxycycline, and enrofloxacin. The lowest resistance rates were observed for meropenem (4.88%), amikacin (12.20%), and tobramycin (12.2%). All isolates were susceptible to clove oil with an equivalent MIC and MBC from 3.26 to 6.53 mg/mL. Eugenol was the major component of the oil.

Conclusion: Clove EO was effective against MDR strains of P. aeruginosa, indicating an alternative for developing an efficient and low-cost antimicrobial agent to treat canine otitis. Keywords: essential oil, multidrug resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, susceptibility.

Keywords: essential oil, multidrug resistance, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, susceptibility.

How to cite this article: Costa LV, Moreira JMAR, de Godoy Menezes I, Dutra V, and de Almeida ABPF (2022) Antibiotic resistance profiles and activity of clove essential oil (Syzygium aromaticum) against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated of canine otitis, Veterinary World, 15(10): 2499–2505.

Received: 25-04-2022 Accepted: 07-09-2022 Published online: 30-10-2022

Corresponding author: Arleana do Bom Parto Ferreira de Almeida E-mail: arleferreira@gmail.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2022.2499-2505

Copyright: Costa, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.