Vet World Vol.16 July-2023 Article-7
Research Article
Veterinary World, 16(7): 1421-1428
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.1421-1428
Anthelmintic activity of Carica pubescens aqueous seed extract and its effects on rumen fermentation and methane reduction in Indonesian thin-tailed sheep: An in vitro study
2. Research Center for Animal Husbandry, National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia.
3. Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
4. Institute of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines Los Baños, Philippines.
5. Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
6. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Background and Aim: Seeds from Carica pubescens were observed to be abundant as waste. This waste contains active plant compounds whose utilization has not been studied in the livestock sector. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of an aqueous seed extract of Carica pubescens (ASE) as an anthelmintic agent during rumen fermentation and methane reduction.
Materials and Methods: Aqueous seed extract of Carica pubescens was prepared from C. pubescens cultivated in Wonosobo, Indonesia. Phytochemical analyses were performed to quantify the secondary metabolite content of ASE. In vitro adult worm mortality tests, scanning electron microscopy, and gas production tests were conducted to evaluate rumen characteristics, methane reduction, and the potential of ASE as an anthelmintic against Haemonchus contortus. Adult worms and ruminal fluid were collected from Indonesian thin-tailed sheep. Two-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences® 21.0 software to detect significant differences.
Results: In vitro study results showed that 1–5% ASE inhibited H. contortus after the 1st h of incubation, and 5% ASE suppressed 100% of adult H. contortus worms in the 5th h. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of ASE-treated worms ASE revealed damaged cuticle structures. ASE had no significant effect on pH, NH3, volatile fatty acid, acetate, propionate, butyrate, acetate: propionate, or microbial protein in rumen fluid (p > 0.05). The in vitro feed fermentation results showed that ASE significantly affected methane reduction.
Conclusion: The inclusion of up to 5% ASE in sheep diets may serve as a potential alternative anthelmintic against H. contortus as well as a methane reduction agent, without deleterious effects on rumen fermentation. Keywords: Carica pubescens, fermentation, greenhouse, Haemonchus contortus, metabolite, ruminant.
Keywords: Carica pubescens, fermentation, greenhouse, Haemonchus contortus, metabolite, ruminant.
How to cite this article: Baihaqi ZA, Widiyono I, Angeles AA, Suwignyo B, and Nurcahyo W (2023) Anthelmintic activity of
Received: 19-02-2023 Accepted: 31-05-2023 Published online: 09-07-2023
Corresponding author: Irkham Widiyono E-mail: irkhamwidiyono@ugm.ac.id
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.1421-1428
Copyright: Baihaqi, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.