Vet World   Vol.18   May-2025  Article - 29 

Histological response and blood glucose level in a diabetic animal model after the oral administration of Mucuna pruriens: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background and Aim: Mucuna pruriens (MP) has emerged as a promising natural antidiabetic agent due to its rich bioactive composition. Although numerous preclinical studies have reported its hypoglycemic and histological benefits, a comprehensive synthesis quantifying these effects has been lacking. This study systematically evaluated the dual impact of orally administered MP extract on histopathological changes and blood glucose levels in diabetic animal models through a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across four databases (PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar) without date restrictions. Eligible in vivo studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria, and data were extracted following PRISMA guidelines. Risk of bias was assessed using the systematic review center for laboratory animal experimentation tools. Histological outcomes were summarized descriptively, while blood glucose levels were analyzed quantitatively using a random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses were performed based on MP concentration, duration of administration, and plant part used

Results: Sixteen studies were included, with 13 eligible for meta-analysis. MP extract significantly reduced blood glucose levels, with an overall standardized mean difference of −18.36 (95% confidence intervals: −21.22, −15.51; p < 0.01). Subgroup analyses revealed that lower MP doses (≤100 mg/kg) achieved superior glycemic control with prolonged administration (>4 weeks), whereas higher doses (≥200 mg/kg) were most effective within 1–4 weeks. Histological analysis indicated regenerative effects of MP on the pancreas, liver, pituitary gland, and corpus cavernosum. Seed extracts exhibited a stronger hypoglycemic effect compared to leaf extracts. Potential publication bias was detected but was addressed through trim-and-fill analysis.

Conclusion: MP extract demonstrates significant antidiabetic potential through glycemic regulation and organ tissue restoration. Lower concentrations are preferable for long-term administration, while higher concentrations are optimal for short-term therapy. The findings advocate MP as a valuable candidate for integrative diabetes management strategies. Further clinical studies are recommended to validate its translational potential.

Keywords: blood glucose, diabetes mellitus, herbal medicine, histology, meta-analysis, Mucuna pruriens.

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How to cite this article: Pangestiningsih TW, Nuraini DM, Andityas M, and Ariana A (2025) Histological response and blood glucose level in a diabetic animal model after the oral administration of Mucuna pruriens: A systematic review and meta-analysis, Veterinary World, 18(5): 1377-1388.

Received: 27-12-2024   Accepted: 30-04-2025   Published online: 31-05-2025

Corresponding author: Tri Wahyu Pangestiningsih    E-mail: estifkh@ugm.ac.id

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2025.1377-1388

Copyright: Pangestiningsih, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.