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Development and evaluation of a formaldehyde-stabilized tuberculin as a safe and potent alternative to phenol-based purified protein derivative for the diagnosis of animal tuberculosis

This study aimed to enhance the diagnostic value of tuberculin by replacing phenol with formaldehyde as a preservative and stabilizer.

Inactivation of an Indonesian isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus using formaldehyde

This study aimed to validate the inactivation of the Indonesian isolate of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) with various formaldehyde concentration.

Optimizing formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine combinations for inactivation of foot-and-mouth disease virus GR12: insights from Indonesia’s third outbreak for local vaccine development

This study aimed to determine the optimal FA-BEI concentration and incubation time for inactivating the FMD virus (FMDV) Gresik sample no.12 (GR12) strain, isolated during the third outbreak in Gresik, East Java.

Protein characterization of an Indonesian isolate of foot and mouth disease virus inactivated with formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine

Application of equine herpesvirus-1 vaccine inactivated by both formaldehyde and binary ethylenimine in equine

The efficacy, safety, and duration of immunity of the prepared inactivated EHV-1 vaccine were evaluated

Effect of formaldehyde and urea contaminated feed exposure into the liver of young and adult pigeons (Columba livia)

The purpose of this study was to determine the biochemical and histopathological effects on the liver of young and adult pigeons after exposure to formalin and urea contaminated feed

Effects of rations containing formaldehyde-protected soybean meal on meat production in Kacang goats

This study aimed to investigate effects of rations containing formaldehyde-protected soybean meal on meat production in Kacang goats