Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 13-02-2017)
8.
Profile and artificial insemination
practices of technicians and the artificial insemination success
rates in Leyte, Samar, and Biliran, Philippines (2011-2015) -
Adrian P. Ybañez,
Rochelle Haidee D. Ybañez,
Maxine O. Caindec, Louie V. Mani,
Julius V. Abela,
Edgar S. Nuñez,
Johnson T. Royo Jr
and Ivy Fe M. Lopez
Veterinary World, 10(2): 181-186
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2017.181-186
Adrian P. Ybañez:
Department of Biology and Environmental Science, College of
Science , University of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City
6000, Philippines; Department of Research, Gullas College of
Medicine, University of the Visayas, Banilad, Mandaue City 6014,
Cebu, Philippines.
Rochelle Haidee D.
Ybañez :
Department of
Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science , University
of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
Maxine O. Caindec :
Department of
Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science , University
of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
Louie V. Mani :
Department of
Biology and Environmental Science, College of Science , University
of the Philippines Cebu, Lahug, Cebu City 6000, Philippines.
Julius V. Abela :
Philippine Carabao
Center at Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City 6521-A,
Leyte, Philippines.
Edgar S. Nuñez :
Philippine Carabao
Center at Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City 6521-A,
Leyte, Philippines.
Johnson T. Royo Jr :
Philippine Carabao
Center at Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City 6521-A,
Leyte, Philippines.
Ivy Fe M. Lopez :
Philippine Carabao
Center at Visayas State University, Visca, Baybay City 6521-A,
Leyte, Philippines.
Received: 14-08-2016, Accepted: 17-01-2017, Published online:
13-02-2017
Corresponding author:
Adrian P. Ybañez,
e-mail: dr.adrianpybanez@gmail.com
Citation:
Ybañez AP, Ybañez RHD, Caindec MO, Mani LV, Abela JV, Nuñez ES,
Royo JT, Lopez IFM (2017) Profile and artificial insemination
practices of technicians and the artificial insemination success
rates in Leyte, Samar, and Biliran, Philippines (2011-2015),
Veterinary World, 10(2): 181-186.
Abstract
Background:
Artificial insemination (AI) is a reproductive biotechnology that
may be influenced by several factors, including the profile of the
technicians and the practices used. Assessing technician’s profile
and their AI practices can be significant in improving AI success
rate.
Aim:
This study
aimed to know the profile and current practices used by AI
technicians (AITs), to determine the success rates of AI in water
buffaloes in Leyte, Samar, and Biliran from 2011 to 2015, and to
evaluate the possible association between the parameters
investigated.
Materials and
Methods:
A total of 50 AITs
from Leyte, Samar and Biliran, Philippines, were interviewed using
a fixed questionnaire about their profile and employed AI
practices, and 20,455 AI-related records of the Philippine Carabao
Center (PCC) at Visayas State University (VSU), Baybay City, Leyte,
were screened and analyzed. AI success rates were determined by
retrospective analysis of the gathered data. Statistical analysis
was performed between the technician profile and practices and the
AI success rates.
Results:
Results
revealed that most of the technicians were male, around 31-40
years old, married, college graduates, working under local
government units, had other sources of income, and with 1-5 years
of continuous AI practice averaging 51-100 inseminations per year.
Most of them attended only one basic training seminar, which was
conducted more than 3 years ago in PCC in VSU. AI success rates
were recorded highest in 2011 and lowest in 2015. Statistical
analyses showed that some technician profile parameters (civil
status, average AI per year, and the training center) and several
practices (checking of soft cervix, rectal palpation, thawing
temperature method, straw cutting method, and semen deposition)
might have an influence on the success of AI.
Conclusion:
This
study documents the first report on AIT’s profile and their
employed AI practices and the AI success rates in Leyte, Samar,
and Biliran, Philippines. Selected profile parameters and AI
practices may influence AI success rates. AITs should perform more
AI services and revisit the employed practices.
Keywords:
artificial insemination, artificial insemination technician,
Philippines, profile, water buffalo.
References
1. Khalifa,
T., Rekkas, C., Samartzi, F., Lymberopoulos, A., Kousenidis,
K. and Dovenski, T. (2014) Highlights on artificial
insemination (AI) technology in the pigs. Maced. Vet. Rev.,
37: 5-34.
https://doi.org/10.14432/j.macvetrev.2013.09.001 |
|
|
2. Lima, F.S.,
de Vries, A., Risco, C.A., Santos, J.E.P. and Thatcher, W.W.
(2010) Economic comparison of natural service and timed
artificial insemination breeding programs in dairy cattle. J.
Dairy Sci., 93: 4404-4413.
https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2789 |
|
|
|
3. Rehmana,
F.U., Zhaoa, C., Shaha, M.A., Qureshib, M.S. and Wanga, X.
(2013) Semen extenders and artificial insemination in
ruminants. Veterinaria, 1: 1-8. |
|
|
4. Inchaisri,
C., Jorritsma, R., Vernooij, J.C.M., Vos, P.L.A., Van der
Weijden, G.C. and Hogeveen, H. (2011) Cow effects and
estimation of success of first and following inseminations in
Dutch dairy cows. Reprod. Domest. Anim., 46: 1043-1049.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01782.x
PMid:21470315 |
|
|
|
5. Duran,
P., Corpuz, H.K., Gaspar, D.C., Misola, C.M., Munar, M. and
Hufana-Duran, D. (2015) Non-invasive clinical diagnosis of
estrus for AI synchronization using vaginal cytology in three
bubaline breeds in the Philippines. Res. J. Pharm. Biol. Chem.
Sci., 6: 562-567. |
|
|
|
6. Cruz,
L.C. (2010) Recent developments in the buffalo industry of
Asia. Rev. Vet., 21(1): 7. |
|
|
|
7. Duran, D.
and Duran, P. (2015) Advanced reproductive technologies in
water buffalo. In: Purohit, G.N., editor. Bubaline
Theriogeneology. International Veterinary Information Service,
Ithaca, NY. |
|
|
|
8. Chaikhun,
T., Hengtrakunsin, R., De Rensis, F., Techakumphu, M. and
Suadsong, S. (2012) Reproductive and dairy performances of
Thai swamp buffaloes under intensive farm management. Thai. J.
Vet. Med., 42: 81. |
|
|
|
9. Perry,
G.A., Dalton, J.C. and Geary, T.W. (2010) Management factors
influencing fertility in synchronized and natural breeding
programs. Proceedings, Applied Reproductive Strategies in Beef
Cattle January 28-29, 2010; San Antonio, TX. |
|
|
10. Russi,
L., Costa-e-Silva, L., Zuccari, C. and Recalde, C. (2010)
Human resources in artificial insemination of beef cattle:
Profile of managers and inseminators. Rev. Bras. Zootec., 39:
7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982010000700010.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982010000700010 |
|
|
|
11. Singh,
J. and Nanda, A. (2007) Interventions for improving the
fertility of crossbred cows subjected to artificial
insemination under field conditions. Improving the
Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle Subjected to
Artificial Insemination. IAEA, Vienna, Austria. |
|
|
12. Everett,
R. and Bean, B. (1986) Semen fertility - An evaluation system
for artificial insemination sires, technicians, herds, and
systemic fixed effects. J. Dairy Sci., 69: 1630-1641.
https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(86)80580-X |
|
|
|
13. Akhtar,
T., Lodhi, L., Khanum, S., Rashad, M. and Hussain, M. (2007)
Improving reproductive efficiency in an artificial
insemination programme through early non-pregnancy diagnosis,
management and training. Improving the Reproductive Management
of Dairy Cattle Subjected to Artificial Insemination. IAEA,
Vienna, Austria. |
|
|
|
14.
Boettcher, P. and Perera, B. (2007) Improving the reproductive
management of smallholder dairy cattle and the effectiveness
of artificial insemination: As summary. Improving the
Reproductive Management of Dairy Cattle Subjected to
Artificial Insemination. IAEA, Vienna, Austria. |
|
|
|
15. Roque,
A. (2011) People Find Their Calling in Artificial
Insemination. Available from: https://business.inquirer.net/482/people-find-their-calling-in-artificial-insemination
accessed on 25-05-2016. |
|
|
|
16.
Cembrowics, H. (1964) Efficiency of inseminators. In:
Proceeding 5th International Congress Animal Reproduction
Artificial Insemination. Vol. 4. p624-630. |
|
|
17.
Santolaria, P., Lopez-Gatius, F., Sanchez-Nadal, J.A. and
Yaniz, J. (2012) Relationships between body weight and milk
yield during the early postpartum period and bull and
technician and the reproductive performance of high producing
dairy cows. J. Reprod. Dev., 58: 366-370.
https://doi.org/10.1262/jrd.2011-035
PMid:22452830 |
|
|
18. Berry,
D.P., Evans, R.D. and Mc Parland, S. (2011) Evaluation of bull
fertility in dairy and beef cattle using cow field data.
Theriogenology, 75: 172-181.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2010.08.002
PMid:20875673 |
|
|
19. Aungier,
S.P.M., Roche, J.F., Sheehy, M. and Crowe, M.A. (2012) Effects
of management and health on the use of activity monitoring for
estrus detection in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 95: 2452-2466.
https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2011-4653
PMid:22541472 |
|
|
20. Roca,
J., Parrilla, I., Rodriguez‐Martinez, H., Gil, M.A., Cuello,
C., Vazquez, J.M. and Martinez, E.A. (2011) Approaches towards
efficient use of boar semen in the pig industry. Reprod.
Domest. Anim., 46: 79-83.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2011.01828.x
PMid:21884284 |
|
|
21. Oliviera,
L.Z., Arruda, R.P., de Andrade, A.F.C., Santos, R.M., Beletti,
M.E., Peres, R.F.G., Martins, J.P.N. and Hossepian de Lima,
V.F.M. (2012) Effect of sequence of insemination after
simultaneous thawing of multiple semen straws on conception
rate to timed AI in suckled multiparous Nelore cows.
Theriogenology, 78: 1800-1813.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.07.007
PMid:22968035 |
|
|
|
22. DuPonte,
M. (2007) Proper Semen Handling During an Artificial
Insemination Program. Cooperative Extension Service, College
of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources, University of
Hawaiʻi at Mānoa. |
|
|
23. Zobel,
R., Gereš, D., Pipal, I., Buić, V., Gračner, D. and Tkalcic,
S. (2011) Influence of the semen deposition site on the calves
sex ratio in simmental dairy cattle. Reprod. Domest. Anim.,
46: 595-601.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0531.2010.01708.x
PMid:20964728 |
|
|
|
24. Foote,
R.H. (2013) Physiological aspects of artificial insemination.
In: Cole, H.H. and Cupps, P.T., editors. Reproduction in
Domestic Animals. 2nd ed. Academic Press, United States of
America. p313-315. |
|
