Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 17-01-2017)
10.
Prevalence of gastrointestinal
parasitism in small ruminants in western zone of Punjab, India -
E. Singh, P. Kaur, L. D. Singla
and
M. S. Bal
Veterinary World, 10(1): 61-66
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2017.61-66
E. Singh :
Department of
Veterinary Parasitology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal
Sciences University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India.
P. Kaur :
Department of
Veterinary Parasitology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal
Sciences University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India.
L. D. Singla :
Department of
Veterinary Parasitology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal
Sciences University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India.
M. S. Bal :
Animal Disease
Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences
University, Ludhiana - 141 004, Punjab, India.
Received: 18-08-2016, Accepted: 09-12-2016, Published online:
17-01-2017
Corresponding author:
P. Kaur, e-mail:
ralhanvet@gmail.com
Citation:
Singh E, Kaur P, Singla LD, Bal MS (2017) Prevalence of
gastrointestinal parasitism in small ruminants in western zone of
Punjab, India, Veterinary World, 10(1), 61-66.
Abstract
Aim:
The aim of this
study was to explore the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism
in small ruminants in relation to various risk factors in the
western zone of Punjab.
Materials and
Methods:
During the study,
603 fecal samples (391 of sheep and 212 of goats) were examined
qualitatively by floatation and sedimentation techniques, and
quantitatively by McMaster technique.
Results:
Out of the 603
fecal (391 sheep and 212 goats) samples examined, 501 were found
positive for endoparasitic infection with an overall prevalence of
83.08%, consisting of 85.16% and 79.24% in sheep and goats,
respectively. Egg per gram in sheep was apparently more
1441.88±77.72 than goats 1168.57±78.31. The associated risk
factors with the prevalence of gastrointestinal tract (GIT)
parasites showed that females (85.97%) were significantly more
susceptible than males (69.23%). Age wise the adults (>6 months)
were significantly more prone to parasitic infection as compared
to young ones (<6 months). Seasonal variation was recorded
throughout the year and was significantly highest during monsoon
(90.10%), followed by winter (83.84%) and summer (78.35%).
Conclusion:
The
study revealed an overall prevalence of 83.08% of GIT parasitic
infections in small ruminants constituting 85.16% in sheep and
79.24% in goats in the western zone of Punjab. The most relevant
risk factors for the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism in
ruminants were sex, age, and season.
Keywords:
gastrointestinal parasitism, goat, prevalence, Punjab, sheep,
western zone.
References
|
1. DAHD and F. (2012) 19 Livestock Census-2012 All India
Report. Available from: http://www.dahd.nic.in/documents/statistics/livestockcensus.
Accessed on 23/11/2016. |
|
|
|
2. Pathak, A.K. and Pal, S. (2008) Seasonal prevalence of
gastrointestinal parasites in goats from Durg district of
Chhattisgarh. Vet. World, 1(5): 136-137. |
|
|
|
3. Singla, L.D. (1995) A note on sub-clinical
gastro-intestinal parasitism in sheep and goats in Ludhiana
and Faridkot districts of Punjab. Indian Vet. Med. J., 19:
61-62. |
|
|
|
4. Sutherland, I. and Scott, I. (2010) Gastrointestinal
Nematodes of Sheep and Cattle: Biology and Control. John Wiley
and Sons Ltd., West Sussex, UK. p1-160. |
|
|
5. Singh, V., Varshney, P., Dash, S.K. and Lal, H.P. (2013)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats in
and around Mathura, India. Vet. World, 6(5): 260-262.
https://doi.org/10.5455/vetworld.2013.260-262 |
|
|
|
6. Gupta, S.K. and Singla, L.D. (2012) Diagnostic trends in
parasitic diseases of animals. In: Gupta, R.P., Garg, S.R.,
Nehra, V. and Lather, D, editors. Veterinary Diagnostics:
Current Trends. Satish Serial Publishing House, New Delhi.
p81-112. |
|
|
|
7. Varadharajan, A. and Vijayalakshmi, R. (2015) Prevalence
and seasonal occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in small
ruminants of coastal areas of Tamil Nadu. Int. J. Sci. Res.
Publ., 5(2): 1-4. |
|
|
8. Velusamy, R., Rani, N., Ponnudurai, G. and Anbarasi, P.
(2015) Prevalence of intestinal and haemoprotozoan parasites
of small ruminants in Tamil Nadu, India. Vet. World, 8(10):
1205-1209.
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.1205-1209
PMid:27047018 PMCid:PMC4774656 |
|
|
|
9. Singh, R. (2015) Epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites
of sheep and goats in central plain zone of Punjab. M.V.Sc.
Thesis Submitted to the Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal
Sciences University, Ludhiana. p1-72. |
|
|
|
10. Lathamani, V.S., Ramesh, P.T. and Siddalingamurthy, H.K.
(2016) Studies on the prevalence of helminth infestation in
small ruminants and the anthelmintic effectiveness in Tumkur
District of Karnataka. Int. J. Innov. Res. Sci. Eng. Technol.,
5(2): 2169-2173. |
|
|
11. Pandey, V.S., Ndao, M. and Kumar, V. (1994) Seasonal
prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes in communal land
goats from high yield of Zimbabwe. Vet. Parasitol., 51:
241-248.
https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-4017(94)90161-9 |
|
|
|
12. Saha, S.B., Pramanik, S. and Mukherjee, G.S. (1996)
Prevalence of gastrointestinal nematodes of goats in West
Bengal. Indian J. Anim. Sci., 11(1): 51-52. |
|
|
|
13. Blood, D.C. and Radostitis, O.M. (2000) Veterinary
Medicine. 7th ed. The English Language Book Society, Bailliere
Tindall, London. |
|
|
|
14. Mir, M.R., Chishti, M.Z., Majidah, R., Dar, S.A., Katoch,
R., Khajuria, J.K., Mehraj, M., Dar, M.A. and Rasool, R.
(2013) Incidence of gastrointestinal nematodosis in sheep of
Jammu. Trends Parasitol. Res., 2(1): 1-4. |
|
|
15. Radostits, O.M., Blood, D.C. and Gay, C.C. (1994)
Veterinary Medicine. Bailliere Tindall, London.
PMid:8076288 PMCid:PMC1686246 |
|
|
|
16. Yadav, A., Khajuria, J.K. and Raina, A.K. (2006) Seasonal
prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites in sheep and goats of
Jammu. J. Vet. Parasitol., 20(1): 65-68. |
|
|
|
17. Emiru, B., Amede, Y., Tigre, W., Feyera, T. and Deressa,
B. (2013) Epidemiology of gastrointestinal parasites of small
ruminants in Gechi District, Southwest Ethiopia. Adv. Biol.
Res., 7(5): 169-174. |
|
|
|
18. Dhara, K.C., Bandopadhyay, P.K. and Goswami, A. (2011)
Influence of gastro-intestinal parasites on the productive and
reproductive performances of Black Bengal goat under field
conditions. Int. J. Sci. Nat., 2(3): 638-647. |
|
|
|
19. Gaherwal, S., Prakash, M.M. and Dudwe, J. (2016)
Prevalence and incidence of nematodes in goats at five
different villages of Barwani district, Mathya Pradesh. Int.
J. Adv. Res., 4(3): 1126-1137. |
|
|
|
20. Soulsby, E.J.L. (1966) Biology of Parasites. Academic
Press, New York and London. p185-196. |
|
|
21. Hutchinson, G.W., Lee, E.H. and Fernando, M.A. (1972)
Effects on variation in temperature on infective larvae and
their relationship to inhibited development of Obeliscoides
cuniculi in rabbit. Parasitology, 65: 333-342.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S003118200004511X
PMid:4680542 |
|
|
22. Chartier, C. and Hoste, H. (1998) Repeated infection with
Haemonchous contortus and Trichostrongylus columbiformis in
dairy goats: Comparison of resistant and susceptible animals.
Parasitol. Res., 84: 249-253.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s004360050390
PMid:9521016 |
|
|
|
23. Palamapalle, H., Deshpande, P.D. and Narladkar, B. (2003)
Gastro-intestinal nematodiasis in bovines of Marathwada
region: Faecal culture and egg count studies. J. Vet.
Parasitol., 17: 135-137. |
|
|
24 Singh, R., Bal, M.S., Singla, L.D. and Kaur, P. (2016)
Detection of anthelmintic resistance in sheep and goat against
fenbendazole by faecal egg count reduction test. J. Parasit.
Dis. DOI: 10.1007/s12639-016-0828-8.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12639-016-0828-8 |
|
