Open Access
Research (Published online: 04-09-2020)
7. Prophylactic impact of nano-selenium on performance, carcasses quality, and tissues' selenium concentration using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography during microbial challenge in broiler chickens
Essam S. Soliman, Fadwa F. Mahmoud, Mai A. Fadel and Rania T. Hamad
Veterinary World, 13(9): 1780-1797

Essam S. Soliman: Department of Animal Hygiene, Zoonosis and Animal Behavior, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Fadwa F. Mahmoud: Food Hygiene and Microbiology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Ismailia 41511, Egypt.
Mai A. Fadel: Pharmacology and Pyrogen Unit, Chemistry and Food Deficiency Department, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt.
Rania T. Hamad: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Menoufia University, Al Minufya 33511, Egypt.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2020.1780-1797

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Article history: Received: 01-03-2020, Accepted: 20-07-2020, Published online: 04-09-2020

Corresponding author: Essam S. Soliman

E-mail: soliman.essam@vet.suez.edu.eg

Citation: Soliman ES, Mahmoud FF, Fadel MA, Hamad RT. (2020) Prophylactic impact of nano-selenium on performance, carcasses quality, and tissues' selenium concentration using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography during microbial challenge in broiler chickens, Veterinary World, 13(9): 1780-1797.
Abstract

Background and Aim: Nano-selenium (NS) supplementation contributes in improving productivity, performance, and meat quality while reducing public health concern. Influence of NS and inorganic selenium (Se) water additive on performance, carcass quality, immunoglobulin concentration, intestinal microbiota, Se tissue concentrations, and tissue architecture was studied.

Materials and Methods: Two-hundred and sixty 1-day-old Hubbard chicks were randomly grouped into five groups (5×52) and supplemented with 0.5 and 1.0 mL of NS and inorganic Se (100 mg.L-1). G1, G2, G3, and G4 were challenged with Escherichia coli O157: H7 2.6×108 on the 14th day. A total of 2250 samples, including 250 sera, 250 intestinal swabs, and 1500 organ and tissue samples as liver, spleen, heart, bursa, intestine, and breast muscles, and 250 eviscerated carcasses were collected.

Results: The results revealed a highly significant increase (p<0.01) in live body weights, weight gains, performance indices, carcasses, and organs weights, whereas immunoglobulin G and M concentrations in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively, synchronized reveal a highly significant decline (p<0.01) in total bacterial and Enterobacteriaceae counts of intestinal swabs and breast muscles, final pH24, and drip loss in broilers treated with 0.5 and 1.0 mL NS, respectively. Meanwhile, water holding capacity revealed no significant differences between all groups. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography examination revealed the earlier disappearance of NS residues than inorganic Se from the broiler's liver and muscles. Histopathological photomicrographs of the liver, spleen, bursa of Fabricius, and intestine, as well as, the immunohistochemistry of intestinal sections revealed superior tissue architecture in broilers treated with NS contrary to inorganic Se.

Conclusion: The study showed significant stimulation actions of NS on performance, immunity, carcass and meat quality, intestinal and muscles' bacterial load as well as short withdrawal period and nearly normal cellular architecture compared to inorganic Se.

Keywords: broilers, carcass, immunity, nano-selenium, performance, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.