Open Access
Research (Published online: 15-04-2022)
16. Hepatoprotection of Cinnamomum burmannii ethanolic extract against high-fat and cholesterol diet in Sprague–Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus)
Retno Susilowati, Abdul Malik Setiawan, Afida Fatimatuz Zahroh, Zadani Nabila Ashari, Alifatul Iffiyana, Ricky Hertanto, Muhammad Basyarudin, Isnaeni Hartiningsih and Mahrus Ismail
Veterinary World, 15(4): 930-936

Retno Susilowati: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Abdul Malik Setiawan: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Afida Fatimatuz Zahroh: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Zadani Nabila Ashari: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Alifatul Iffiyana: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Ricky Hertanto: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Muhammad Basyarudin: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Isnaeni Hartiningsih: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.
Mahrus Ismail: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, State Islamic University of Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, Malang 65144, East Java, Indonesia.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.930-936

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Article history: Received: 29-10-2021, Accepted: 16-02-2022, Published online: 15-04-2022

Corresponding author: Retno Susilowati

E-mail: retno.susilowati@bio.uin-malang.ac.id

Citation: Susilowati R, Setiawan AM, Zahroh AF, Ashari ZN, Iffiyana A, Hertanto R, Basyarudin M, Hartiningsih I, Ismail M (2022) Hepatoprotection of Cinnamomum burmannii ethanolic extract against high-fat and cholesterol diet in Sprague–Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus), Veterinary World, 15(4): 930-936.
Abstract

Background and Aim: The pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis involves non-alcoholic fatty liver, oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Although the long-term use of cinnamon bark in larger doses can negatively affect good health, proper use of its extracts effectively and efficiently improves health. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the minimal dose of Cinnamomum Burmannii extract through its activity in inhibiting oxidative stress in rats' livers treated with a high-fat and cholesterol diet (HFCD).

Materials and Methods: Forty-two Sprague–Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus), weighing 200-250 g body weight (BW), were divided into seven treatment groups with six replications: Normal, HFCD, atorvastatin, quercetin, and C. burmannii ethanol extract group, after which they were administered different dosages (i.e., 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg BW). Except for the normal group, rats were concomitantly administered HFCD with each treatment for 21 days. Then, their malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were assessed using colorimetry. However, their steatosis levels were determined based on histological preparations with hematoxylin-eosin staining.

Results: Duncan's multiple range test (DMRT) results indicated that all treatments had a significantly lower MDA than HFCD and normal rats (α=0.01). DMRT results also showed that treating with the C. burmannii ethanol extract at all dosages resulted in a significantly higher SOD activity level in HFCD rats than those treated with quercetin and atorvastatin (α=0.01). Furthermore, results showed that treatment with C. burmannii extracts at a dosage of 300 mg/kg BW incredibly maintained SOD activity as effective as quercetin, atorvastatin, and normal rats. Besides, while steatohepatitis levels of C. burmannii ethanol extract at dosages of 200 and 300 mg/kg BW commensurated with normal rats, steatohepatitis levels were significantly lower than those administered other concentrations or treatments (α=0.05).

Conclusion: Ethanolic C. burmannii extracts protected the liver by regulating oxidative stress. Therefore, a 200 mg/kg BW dose is proposed as the minimal hepatoprotection dose to prevent fatty liver formation.

Keywords: Cinnamomum burmannii, hepatoprotection, malondialdehyde, steatohepatitis, superoxide dismutase.