Molecular characterization of Newcastle disease virus vaccines in Nigeria

Research (Published online: 10-12-2022)

8. Molecular characterization of Newcastle disease virus vaccines in Nigeria

Mohammed Usman Sajo, Lawal Sa'idu, Maman Moutari Souley, and Olusegun Adesina Fagbohun

Veterinary World, 15(12): 2816-2821

Mohammed Usman Sajo: Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Pan African University, (PAULESI), Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria.

Lawal Sa'idu: Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Pan African University, (PAULESI), Ibadan, Nigeria; Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria.

Maman Moutari Souley: Laboratoire Central de L'Elevage, B.P: 485, Niamey, Niger Republic.

Olusegun Adesina Fagbohun: Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Pan African University, (PAULESI), Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.2816-2821

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Article history: Received: 23-07-2022, Accepted: 27-10-2022, Published online: 10-12-2022

Corresponding author: Olusegun Adesina Fagbohun

E-mail: oa.fagbohun@ui.edu.ng

Citation: Sajo MU, Sa'idu L, Souley MM, and Fagbohun OA (2022) Molecular characterization of Newcastle disease virus vaccines in Nigeria, Veterinary World, 15(12): 2816–2821.

Abstract

Background and Aim: Newcastle disease (ND) caused by ND virus (NDV) is a serious impediment to effective poultry production in developing countries such as Nigeria. Despite employing vaccination and other control measures to curtail this disease, its severe forms still persist. This study aimed to confirm the virus strains in the NDV vaccine brands commonly used in Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: We employed reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), sequencing, and sequence analysis to characterize NDV strains in four NDV vaccines commonly used in Nigeria. Fragments of 300 bp from NDV fusion genes from the vaccines were amplified. Polymerase chain reaction products were sequenced and analyzed using multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses to characterize the vaccine viruses as pathotypes.

Results: All the vaccines gave positive results, confirming the presence of NDV. Multiple sequence alignment and phylogenetic analyses revealed that two of the vaccines had the lentogenic pathotype, while the other two had the mesogenic or velogenic pathotype.

Conclusion: This study provides information to facilitate strategies for regular control of the quality of vaccines in Nigeria.

Keywords: Newcastle disease virus, Nigeria, polymerase chain reaction, vaccines.