Bio-efficacy of Mangifera leaf extracts on mortality of Aedes aegypti and inhibition of egg hatching

Research (Published online: 23-07-2022)

20. Bio-efficacy of Mangifera leaf extracts on mortality of Aedes aegypti and inhibition of egg hatching

Nur Mahdi, Muhammad Rasyid Ridha, Deni Setiawan, Muhammad Riki Shindi Praristiya, Nita Rahayu and Bayu Purnama Atmaja

Veterinary World, 15(7): 1753-1758

Nur Mahdi: Pharmacy Program, College of Health Darul Azhar, Tanah Bumbu, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Muhammad Rasyid Ridha: Organization Research for Health, The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN-Indonesia), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia.

Deni Setiawan: Pharmacy Program, Lambung Mangkurat University, Banjarbaru, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Muhammad Riki Shindi Praristiya: Pharmacy Program, College of Health Darul Azhar, Tanah Bumbu, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

Nita Rahayu: Organization Research for Health, The National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN-Indonesia), Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia.

Bayu Purnama Atmaja: Nurse Program, College of Health Darul Azhar, Tanah Bumbu, South Kalimantan, Indonesia.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1753-1758

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Article history: Received: 14-02-2022, Accepted: 01-06-2022, Published online: 23-07-2022

Corresponding author: Nur Mahdi

E-mail: nurmahdi2@gmail.com

Citation: Mahdi N, Ridha MR, Setiawan D, Praristiya MRS, Rahayu N, Atmaja BP (2022) Bio-efficacy of Mangifera leaf extracts on mortality of Aedes aegypti and inhibition of egg hatching, Veterinary World, 15(7): 1753-1758.

Abstract

Background and Aim: To develop an environmentally friendly alternative to mosquito larvicides for vegetables, leaf extracts of Mangifera laurina, Mangifera casturi, Mangifera indica, Mangifera odorata, Mangifera caesia, and Mangifera foetida were prepared. This study aimed to determine the biological efficacy of several Mangifera leaf extracts on the mortality of Aedes aegypti mosquito and the inhibition of egg hatching.

Materials and Methods: Extraction was performed in an organic solvent (methanol) using a Soxhlet extractor. The larvicidal potential of six leaves of Mangifera essential oil was evaluated against the third instar larvae of A. aegypti at concentrations of 1500, 2000, 3000, and 5000 ppm using the World Health Organization protocol. After Probit analysis, the 48 h LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ values of the essential oils were determined. The inhibitory effect on egg hatching was also tested at 160, 320, 480, and 640 ppm.

Results: The extraction of essential oils from several Mangifera species had excellent larvicidal activity and inhibitory activity against A. aegypti egg hatching. The LC₅₀/LC₉₀ values were: M. casturi, 241/1964 ppm; M. laurina, 2739/4035 ppm; and M. caesia, 1831/2618 ppm. The inhibitory effect on hatching was 78% for M. foetida, 70% for M. caesia, and 59% for M. casturi.

Conclusion: The test results indicate the potential of some Mangifera species for use as larvicides and inhibitors of egg hatching; thus, they have the potential to control A. aegypti in the early stages of development.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti, bio-efficacy, leaf extracts, Mangifera.