Open Access
Research (Published online: 23-05-2022)
16. In vivo test of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi infection in the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) from East Java Indonesia
Uun Yanuhar, Hendra Nurcahyo, Luluk Widiyanti, Nur Sakinah Junirahma, Nico Rahman Caesar and Sukoso Sukoso
Veterinary World, 15(5): 1269-1282

Uun Yanuhar: Department of Waters Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.
Hendra Nurcahyo: Master Program of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Veteran Street, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.
Luluk Widiyanti: Master Program of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Veteran Street, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.
Nur Sakinah Junirahma: Master Program of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, Veteran Street, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.
Nico Rahman Caesar: Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, Postgraduate Program, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.
Sukoso Sukoso: Department of Fishery Product Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang 65145, East Java, Indonesia.

doi: www.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2022.1269-1282

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Article history: Received: 10-12-2021, Accepted: 30-03-2022, Published online: 23-05-2022

Corresponding author: Uun Yanuhar

E-mail: doktoruun@ub.ac.id

Citation: Yanuhar U, Nurcahyo H, Widiyanti L, Junirahma NS, Caesar NR, Sukoso S (2022) In vivo test of Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi infection in the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) from East Java Indonesia, Veterinary World, 15(5): 1269-1282.
Abstract

Background and Aim: The need for fish seeds resistant to bacterial and viral infections has encouraged studies on the molecular pathogenesis mechanism of Vibrio bacteria, such as Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio harveyi, regarding the receptor organs, protein adhesion mechanisms, and antibody responses of the humpback grouper. This study aims to confirm the characteristics of the specific proteins expressed in the receptor organ of the humpback grouper (Cromileptes altivelis) using the expression of V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi bacteria.

Materials and Methods: The study was conducted by isolating crude protein and whole cells from both the Vibrio bacteria. In addition, serum and organ tissue were also isolated from fish samples. Then, hemagglutination and dot blot tests with polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis were performed to determine the highest expression of receptor from the whole bacterial cells and crude protein from both healthy and infected (V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi) fishes. Scanning electron microscope results showed that V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi could express bundle-forming pili, which is involved in bacterial autoaggregation and the mediation of the initial attachment of bacteria to their host cells.

Results: These results indicated that all the specific receptors for protein in fish organs recognized vibriosis antigens. The specificity test showed that the brain, eye, and kidney organs' receptors provided a quality and quantity level of responses at 22.63, 53.95, and 43.15 kDa, respectively. The polyclonal anti-V. alginolyticus immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies were more cross-reactive than the anti-V. harveyi IgM. Hence, this shows that V. alginolyticus bacteria are more pathogenic than V. harveyi.

Conclusion: In the future, the molecular characteristics of V. alginolyticus and V. harveyi antigens and the specific receptor organ proteins in the humpback grouper can be developed as the basis for constructing molecular peptide-based vaccine materials.

Keywords: crude protein, humpback grouper, Vibrio alginolyticus, Vibrio harveyi, western blot.