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Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
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Review
(Published
online: 20-12-2013)
10. Impact of heat stress on rumen functions
- Brijesh Yadav, Gynendra Singh, A. K. Verma, N. Dutta and V. Sejian
Veterinary World, 6(12): 992-996
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2013.992-996
Abstract
The livestock sector is evolving in
response to rapidly increasing demand for livestock products.
Ruminant population is the main driver of the growth of the
livestock sector besides pig and poultry. The rise in environment
temperature due to climate change alters the basic physiology of
rumen which negatively affects production. Dry matter intake
begins to decline in an adaptive response to heat stress.
Increased environmental temperature reduces the gut motility,
rumination, ruminal contractions and depresses appetite in
ruminants. Heat stress reduces the total production of volatile
fatty acid (VFA) with individual variation and also results in
changes in ruminal pH. Passage rate and retention time of digesta
is also influenced by rise in ambient temperature and thus affects
digestibility. The change in microbiota due to heat stress may
change the fermentation pattern in the rumen resulting in
variation in digestibility, VFA production and also methane
emission.
Keywords: heat stress, ruminants, digestibility, methane
emission
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