|
|
Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Research
(Published
online: 10-02-2014)
3. Serological
evidence of chicken infectious anemia in layer and broiler chickens in Grenada,
West Indies - Ravindra Nath Sharma, Keshaw Tiwari, Alfred Chikweto,
Derek Thomas, Graeme Stratton and Muhammad I. Bhaiyat
Veterinary World, 7(2): 59-61
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.59-61
Abstract
Aim: Chicken infectious
anemia virus (CIAV) causes immunosuppression leading to serious
losses in chickens. Though CIAV has been reported in commercial
chickens from many countries of the world, no information is
available on CIAV from Grenada. This paper reports the result of a
serological survey of CIAV in layer and broiler chickens in
Grenada.
Materials and Methods: A total of 226 serum samples from
layers and 233 from broiler chickens were tested for CIAV
antibodies using CIAV/ELISA (IDEXX, West brook, Maine, USA).
Results: The results showed seroprevalence for CIAV in
layers at 92.9% (95% confidence interval, 89.55% to 96.25%) with a
parish seropositivity in the range 89.28% - 100%, whereas in
broilers overall seroprevalence was 58.3% (95% confidence
interval, 51.97% to 64.63%) with a range of 2.85%-92.85%,
according to parish.
Conclusion: A high prevalence of antibodies to CIAV in
commercial chickens indicates a CIAV contaminated environment in
Grenada. This in turn emphasizes the need for vaccination of
chickens against CIAV and further research on the impact of this
disease in Grenada.
Keywords: antibodies, Chicken infectious anemia virus,
chicken, ELISA, Grenada.
References
1. Yuasa, N., Taniguch, T., Yoshida, I. (1979) Isolation and
some characteristics of an agent inducing anemia in chicks.
Avian Dis. 23: 366-385.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1589567 |
|
|
2. Pringle, C. R. (1999) Virus taxonomy at the xith
International Congress of Virology, Sydney, Australia.
Arch.Virol. 144: 2065-2069.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007050050728 |
|
|
|
3. Ballal, A., Elhussein, A. M. and Igbal Abdeirahim, S. A.
(2005) Serological survey of chicken Infectious anemia in
commercial chicken flocks in Khartoum state Sudan J. Anim Vet
Adv. 4 (7): 666-667. |
|
|
|
4. Farhoodi, M., Toroghi, Bassami, R., Kianizadeh, M. R.(2007)
Chicken infectious anemia virus infection among broiler
chicken flocks in Iran, Archieves of Razi Institute 62: 1-6. |
|
|
|
5. Gholami-Ahangaran, M. and Zia-Jahromi, N.(2012) Chicken
anemia virus infection in broiler chickens vaccinated and not
vaccinated for avian influenza in Iran. Appl. Poultry. Res.
21: 423-417. |
|
|
6. Roussan, D. A. (2006) Serological survey on the prevalence
of chicken infectious anemia virus in commercial broiler
chicken flocks in Northern Jordan. Int. J. Poult Sci. 5 (6):
544-546.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2006.544.546 |
|
|
7. Bhatt, P., Shukla, S. K., Mahendran, M., Dhama, K., Chawak,
M. M., Kataria, J. M. (2011) Prevalence of chicken infectious
anemia virus (CIAV) in commercial poultry flocks of Northern
India: A serological survey. Transboundary and Emerging Dis.
58, 458-460.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1865-1682.2011.01215.x |
|
|
|
8. Khanna, S. K. (2010) Emerging diseases of poultry: newer
and cheaper methods of diagnosis and treatment. Poult. Technol.
5: 68-71. |
|
|
|
9. Dhama, K., Mahendran M., Somvanshi, R., and Chawak, M. M.
(2008) Chicken infectious anemia virus: an immunosuppressive
pathogen of poultry- A review. Indian J. Vet Pathol. 32,
158-167. |
|
|
|
10. Hegazy, A. M., Abdallah, Abd-el Samie, L. K. and Nazim, A.
A. (2010) Chicken infectious anemia (CIAV) in broilers and
laying hens in Sharkia province, Egypt. Journal of Am. Sci. 6
(9) 752-761. |
|
|
|
11. Bidin, M. Savic Vladimir, Bidin Z., Balenovic M., Majnaric
D. (2010) The prevalence of antibodies against chicken anemia
virus in unvaccinated broiler and broiler breeder s in
Croatia. Veterinarski Archiv 80 (6): 753-760 |
|
|
|
12. Hadimili Hoseyin, H., Erganis O., Goler Leyla, Ucan U.
Sait. (2008) Investigation of chicken infectious anemia virus
infection by PCR and ELISA in chicken flocks. Turk. J. Vet.
Anim. Sci 32 (2) 79-84. |
|
|
|
13. Oluwayelu, D. O. (2010) Diagnosis and epidemiology of
chicken infectious anemia in Africa. African J. Biotech.
9(14): 2043-2049. |
|
|
14. Toro, H., Ewald S. and Hoerr, F. J. (2006) Serological
evidence of chicken infectious anemia virus in the United
States at least since 1959. Avian Dis. 50: 124-126.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/7442-092205R.1 |
|
|
|
15. Schat, K. A. (2003) Chicken infectious anemia. In:
Diseases of poultry. Ed. Saif, Y. M. et al. Iowa State press.
Pp 182-202. |
|
|
16. Toro, H., Van Santen, V. l., hoerr, F. J.,Breedlove, C.
(2009) Effects of chicken anemia virus and infectious bursal
disease virus in commercial chickens. Avian Dis. 53: 94-102.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/8408-071408-Reg.1 |
|
|
17. McNulty, M.S., McIlroy, S. G., Bruce, D. W., Todd, D.
(1991) Economic effects of subclinical Chicken anemia agent
infection in broiler chickens. Avian Dis. 35: 263-268.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1591175 |
|
|
18. Chettle, N. J., Eddy, R. K., Wyeth, P. J., Lister, S. A.
(1989) An outbreak of disease due to chicken anemia agent in
broiler chickens in England. Vet Rec. 124: 211-215.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.124.9.211 |
|
|
19. McIlroy, S. G., McNulty, M. S., Bruce, D. W., Smyth, J.
A., Goodall, E. A., Alcorn, M. J. (1992) Economic effects of
clinical chicken anemia agent infection on profitable broiler
production. Avian Dis. 36: 566-574.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1591750 |
|
|
20. Owoade, A. A., Oluwayolu,D. O, Fagbohun O. A.,Ammeriaan,
W., Mulders, M. N., Muller, C. P. (2004) Serologic evidence of
chicken infectious anemia in commercial flocks in Southern
Nigeria. Avian Dis. 48: 2002- 205.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1637/7075 |
|
|
|
21. 21. Kuyucuoglu, V., Hadimili, H. H., Kenar, B., Ucan U. S.
(2003) Detection of chicken infectios anemia virus antibody in
layer operations by using ELISA in Afyon region. Vet. Hek.
Microbiyol. Derg. 3: 21-26. |
|
|
22. Cardona, C.I., Lucio, B., O'Conell,P., Jagne, J., Schat,
K. A. (2000) Humoral immune response in chicken infectious
anemia virus in three strains of chickens in a closed flock.
Avian Dis. 44: 661-667.
http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1593108 |
|
|
|
23. De Herdt, P., Van den Bosch, G., Ducatelle, R., Uyttebrock,
E., Schrier, C. (2001) Epidemiology and significance of
chicken infectious anemia virus infection in broilers and
broiler parents under non vaccinated and European
circumstances. Avian Dis. 45: 706-7-8. |
|
|
24. Box, P. G., Homes, H. C., Bushell, A. C., Finney, P. M.
(1988) Impaired response to killed Newcastle disease vaccine
in chicken possessing circulating antibody to chicken anemia
agent. Avian Pathol. 17: 713-723.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079458808436488 |
|
|
25. Otaki, Y., Nunoya, T., Tajima, M., Kato, A., Nomura, Y.
(1988) Depression of vaccinal immunity to Marek's disease by
infection with chicken anemia agent. Avian Pathol. 17:
333-347.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079458808436452 |
|
|
26. Jorgensen, P. H. (1991) Mortality during an outbreak of
blue wing disease in broilers. Vet Rec. 129: 490-491.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.129.22.490 |
|
|
27. Vielitz, E. and Landgraf, H. (1988) Anemia-dermatitis of
broilers: field observations and its occurrence, transmission
and prevention. Avian Pathol. 17: 113-120.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03079458808436432 |
|
|
