Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
Research
(Published
online: 24-07-2014)
14. Seasonal prevalence of different species of Culicoides in
Bangalore rural and urban districts of South India
- M. Archana, Placid
E. D'Souza, C. Renuka Prasad and S. M. Byregowda
Veterinary World, 7(7): 517-521
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.517-521
M. Archana: Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Veterinary
College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries Sciences
University, Hebbal, Bangalore -560024, Karnataka, India;
archuvet610@gmail.com
Placid E. D'Souza: Department of Veterinary Parasitology,
Veterinary College, Karnataka Veterinary Animal and Fisheries
Sciences University, Hebbal, Bangalore -560024, Karnataka, India;
placid536@gmail.com
C. Renuka Prasad: Vice Chancellor, Karnataka Veterinary Animal
and Fisheries Science University, Nandinagar, Bidar - 585401,
Karnataka, India; c.renukaprasad@gmail.com
S. M. Byregowda: Institute of Animal Health and Veterinary
Biologicals, Hebbal, Bangalore - 560024, Karnataka, India;
byregowda@yahoo.com
Received: 15-04-2014, Revised: 12-06-2014, Accepted: 16-06-2014,
Published online: 24-07-2014
Corresponding author: M. Archana, email:archuvet610@gmail.com
Abstract
Aim: The study was undertaken
to know the seasonal prevalence of different species of Culicoides
in Bangalore rural and urban districts of South India.
Materials and Methods: The flies were collected with
UV-light traps (Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute. ARC. LNR ??)
during rainy season (south west monsoon: June, July, August and
September: North West monsoon: October, November and December),
winter season (January, February) and summer season (March, April
and May) in eleven different farms of cattle, buffalo, sheep and
goats in Bangalore rural and urban districts.
Results: From a total of 83, 629 number of Culicoides
midges collected, 77906 (93.16%) were female and 5723 (6.84%) were
males. In rainy season a total of 48,318 (57.77%), winter season
18,592 (22.23%) and summer season 16719 (19.99%) were reported.
Conclusion: In rainy season, highest numbers of Culicoides
were found whereas least in summer.
Keywords: biting midge, Culicoides, seasonal prevalence,
South India.
References
|
1. Prasad, G. and Bhatnagar, P.K. (2000) Culicoides: Biology
and transmission of viruses. In Acarines and Insects of
Veterinary and Medical Importance. V National Training
programme Centre of Advanced Studies, Department of
Parasitology, Veterinary College, Bangalore, p34-38. |
|
|
2. Mellor, P.S., Boorman, J. and Baylis, M. (2000) Culicoides
biting midges: Their role as Arbovirus Vectors. Annu. Rev.
Entomol. 45: 307-340.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.45.1.307
PMid:10761580 |
|
|
|
3. Sen, P. and Dasgupta, S.K. (1958) Males of Culicoides
anophelis. Common wealth Agricultural bureaux. p415-416. |
|
|
|
4. Sen, P. and Dasgupta, S.K. (1959) Studies on Indian
Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.,
52: 617-630. |
|
|
|
5. Dasgupta, S.K. (1962) Some Culicoides of Calcutta and the
neighbouring areas. Sci cult. 28(11): 537-539. |
|
|
|
6. Sen, S. K. and Fletcher, T.B. (1962) Veterinary Entomology
and Acarology for India, 1st Edn. p98-120. ICAR. New Delhi. |
|
|
|
7. Jayalakshmi. (1966) Investigation on some dipterous vectors
and parasites. PhD thesis submitted to TANUVAS, Chennai,
India. |
|
|
|
8. Narladkar, B.W., Shastri, U.V. and Shivpuje, P.R. (1993)
Studies on Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae)
prevalent in Marathwada region (Maharashtra) and their host
preferences. Indian Vet. J. 70: 116-118. |
|
|
|
9. Dasgupta, S.K. (1995) Morphotaxonomic features and species
of Indian Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Bluetongue:
Indian Perspective. Editors, Prasad, G. and Srivastava, R.N
CCS HAU press, Hisar p115-188. |
|
|
|
10. Ganesh Udupa. (2001) Culicoides spp. (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) associated with livestock and their relevance
to bluetongue infection in Tamil Nadu. PhD thesis submitted to
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University Chennai,
Tamil Nadu. |
|
|
|
11. Ilango, K. (2006) Bluetongue virus outbreak in Tamil Nadu,
southern India: Need to study the Indian biting midge vectors,
Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Curr Sci.
90(2): 163-167. |
|
|
|
12. Reddy, C. V. S. and Hafeez, M. (2008) Studies on certain
aspects of prevalence of Culicoides species. Indian J Anim Sci.
78 (2): 138-142. |
|
|
|
13. Bhoyar, R., Udupa, K.G., Thimma Reddy, P.M., Madhava
Prasad, C.B. and Kasaralikar, V. R. (2009) Role of
climatological factors and its association with abundance of
Culicoides midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae). Compendium XIX
National Congress of Veterinary Parasitology and National
symposium on "National impact of parasitic diseases on
livestock health and production". Dept. of Veterinary
Parasitology. College of Veterinary Sciences. Ludhiana-141004.
p49. |
|
|
|
14. Wirth W.W. and Marston, N. (1967) A method for mounting
small insects on microscope slides in Canada balsam. Ann.
Entomol. Soc. Am., 61: 78378. |
|
|
|
15. Wirth, W.W. and Hubert, A.A. (1989) The Culicoides of
Southeast Asia (Diptera: ceratopogonidae) Mem. Amer. Ent.
Inst. no. 44. |
|
|
16. Glick, J.I. (1990) Culicoides Biting Midges (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) of Kenya. J. Med. Entomol. 27(2): 85-195.
PMid:2093769 |
|
|
|
17. Kitaoka, S. (1984) Japanese Culicoides (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) and keys for the species I and II. Bull.
Natl. Inst. Anim. Health No. 87: 73-108. |
|
|
|
18. Pires, G.A., Ramilo, D., Diaz, S., Meireles, J., Boinas,
F., Fonseca, I.P.D. (2010) Investigating morphological
structures of Culicoides from obsoletus complex by using
Scanning Electron Microscopy and Composed Optical Microscopy.
Microscopy: Science, Technology, Applications and Education. |
|
|
|
19. Satheesha, S. P., Udupa, K.G., Labuschagne, K and Prasanna
Kumar, S. (2006) Temporal abundance of Culicoides species near
the sheds of domestic animals and their possible implication
on transmission of Bluetongue. National seminar on strategies
for control of bluetongue. Dept. of Veterinary Microbiology.
Tirupati. Andra Pradesh. |
|
|
|
20. Deniz, A., Oncel, T. and Patakakis, M. J. (2010) Species
Composition of Culicoides Latreille, 1809 (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) in Thrace Region of Turkey. Kafkas Univ Vet
Fak Derg. 16(6): 1057-1060. |
|
|
21. Foxi, C., Pinna, M., Monteys, V.S.I., Delrio, G. (2011) An
updated checklist of the Culicoides Latreille (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) of Sardinia (Italy), and seasonality in
proven and potential vectors for Bluetongue Virus (BTV). P
Entomol Soc Wash. 113(4): 403416.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4289/0013-8797.113.4.403 |
|
|
22. Kim, H.C., Bellis, G.A., Kim, M.S., Chong, S.T., Lee, D.K.,
Park, J.Y., Yeh, J.Y., Klein, T.A. (2012) Seasonal abundance
of biting midges, Culicoides spp. (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae),
collected at Cowsheds in the Southern Part of the Republic of
Korea. Korean J. Parasitol. 50 (2): 127-131.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2012.50.2.127
PMid:22711923 PMCid:PMC3375450 |
|
|
|
23. Narladkar, B. W., Shastri, U. V. and Shivpuje, P. R.
(1993) Seasonal prevalence of Culicoides spp. (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) in Marathwada region. Indian J Anim Sci.
63(11): 1140-1145. |
|
|
24. Mayo, C.E., Osborne, C.J., Mullens, B.A., Gerry, A.C.,
Gardner, I.A., Reisen, W.K., Barker, C.M., MacLachlan, N.J.
(2014) Seasonal variation and impact of waste-water Lagoons as
larval habitat on the population dynamics of Culicoides
sonorensis (Diptera: Ceratpogonidae) at two dairy farms in
Northern California. Plos One. 9 (2): 1-9.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0089633
PMid:24586925 PMCid:PMC3931813 |
|
|
25. Meiswinkel, R., Scolamacchia, F., Dik, M., Mudde, J.,
Dijkstra, E., Vanderven, I.J.K., Elbers, A.R.W (2014) The
Mondrian matrix: Culicoides biting midge abundance and
seasonal incidence during the 20062008 epidemic of bluetongue
in the Netherlands. Med Vet Entomol. 28: 1020.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12013
PMid:23834350 |
|
|
26. Diarra, M., Fall, M., Fall, A.G., Diop, A., Seck, M.T.,
Garros, C., Balenghien, T., All่ne, X., Rakotoarivony, I.,
Lancelot, R., Mall, I., Bakhoum, M.T., Dosum, A.M., Ndao, M.,
Bouyer, J., Guis, H. (2014) Seasonal dynamics of Culicoides (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) biting midges, potential vectors of African
horse sickness and bluetongue viruses in the Niayes area of
Senegal. Parasite Vector 7:147-158.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1756-3305-7-147
PMid:24690198 PMCid:PMC3973751 |
|
|
27. Carvalho, L.P.C. and Silva, F.S. (2014) Seasonal abundance
of livestock associated Culicoides species in northeastern
Brazil. Med Vet Entomol. 28(2):228-31.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mve.12043
PMid:24382216 |
|
|
28. Kim, H.C., Bellis, G.A., Kim, M.S., Klein, T.A., Chong,
S.T., Park, J.Y. (2014) Seasonal abundance of Culicoides (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae) Collected by Mosquito Magnet in Northern
Gyeonggi-do (Province), Korea. Korean J. Parasitol. 52(1):
57-62.
http://dx.doi.org/10.3347/kjp.2014.52.1.57
PMid:24623883 PMCid:PMC3948995 |
|
|
|
29. Ortega, M.D., Mellor. P.S., Rawlings, P. and Pro M. J.
(1998) The seasonal and geographical distribution of
Culicoides imicola, C. pulicaris group and C. obsoletus group
biting midges in central and southern Spain. Arch Vir S. 14:
85-91. |
|
|
30. Miranda, M.A., Borras, D., Rincon, C. and Alemany, A.
(2003) Presence in the Balearic Islands (Spain) of the midges
C. imicola and C. obsoletus group. Med Vet Entomol. 17: 52-54.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2915.2003.00405.x
PMid:12680925 |
|
|
31. Lysyk, T.J. (2006) Abundance and species composition of
Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) at cattle facilities in
Southern Alberta, Canada. J. Med. Entomol. 43(5):840-849.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[840:AASCOC]2.0.CO;2 |
|
|
32. Breidenbaugh, M.S., Clark, J.W., Brodeur, R.M. and Szalay,
F.A.D. (2009) Seasonal and diel patterns of biting midges (Ceratopogonidae)
and mosquitoes (Culicidae) on the Parris Island Marine Corps
Recruit Depot. J Vector Ecol. 34:129-140.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1948-7134.2009.00016.x
PMid:20836813 |
|
|
33. Foxi, C, and Delrio, G. (2010) Larval habitats and
seasonal abundance of Culicoides biting midges found in
association with sheep in northern Sardinia, Italy. Med Vet
Entomol. 24: 199209.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2915.2010.00861.x
PMid:20604864 |
|
|
34. Ander, M., Meiswinkel, R. and Chiricoa, J. (2012) Seasonal
dynamics of biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae:
Culicoides), the potential vectors of bluetongue virus, in
Sweden. Vet Parasitol. 184:59 67.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.08.009
PMid:21944873 |
|
|
35. Oem, J. K., Chung, J. Y., Kwon, M. S., Kim, T. K., Lee, T.
U. and Bae, Y. C. (2013) Abundance of biting midge species (Diptera:
Ceratopogonidae, Culicoides spp.) on cattle farms in Korea. J.
Vet.Sci. 14(1):91-94.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4142/jvs.2013.14.1.91
PMid:23388441 PMCid:PMC3615238 |
|
