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Research
(Published
online: 10-06-2014)
5.
Pattern of antibiotic resistant mastitis in dairy cows
- D. Chandrasekaran, P. Venkatesan, K. G. Tirumurugaan, A. P.
Nambi, P. S. Thirunavukkarasu, K. Kumanan, S. Vairamuthu and S.
Ramesh
Veterinary World, 7(6): 389-394
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.389-394
D. Chandrasekaran: Department of Veterinary Clinical
Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College,
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS),
Tamil Nadu, India; drchandrus@yahoo.com
P. Venkatesan: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine,
Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Tamil Nadu,
India; venkatesanperiasamy@gmail.com
K. G. Tirumurugaan: Department of Veterinary Clinical
Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College,
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS),
Tamil Nadu, India; tirumurugaankg@tanuvas.org.in
A. P. Nambi: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine,
Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Tamil Nadu,
India; nambi529@yahoo.com
P. S. Thirunavukkarasu: Department of Veterinary Clinical
Medicine, Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College,
Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS),
Tamil Nadu, India; pstthiru@yahoo.com
K. Kumanan: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine,
Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Tamil Nadu,
India; kumananrani@hotmail.com
S. Vairamuthu: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine,
Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Tamil Nadu,
India; vairamuthu@tanuvas.org.in
S. Ramesh: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine,
Ethics and Jurisprudence, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu
Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (TANUVAS), Tamil Nadu,
India; ramesh@tanuvas.org.in
Received: 24-03-2014, Revised: 08-05-2014, Accepted: 11-05-2014,
Published online: 10-06-2014
Corresponding author: D. Chandrasekaran, email:
drchandrus@yahoo.com
Abstract
Aim: To study the prevalence
of drug resistant mastitis and their pattern of antibiotic
resistance in dairy cows from Tamil Nadu.
Materials and Methods: Isolation and identification of
resistant pathogens were performed from acute clinical mastitis
samples. Based on culture, isolation and sensitivity tests, cows
with resistant mastitis were grouped as; Group I: Escherichia coli
(n=119), Group II: Staphylococcus aureus (n=104) and Group III:
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcal aureus (MRSA) (n=12). The
isolates were tested using agar disc diffusion method for their
antimicrobial susceptibility and modified resazurin assay
microdilution technique for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
to 8 antimicrobial drugs. The organisms were also confirmed for
their identity by performing PCR on the bacterial pellet targeting
the specific genes such as 16s-23s rRNA, mecA and blaZ
respectively for the resistant pathogens and also confirmed by
sequencing.
Results: Antibiotic resistant mastitis was detected in 235
out of 401 cows accounting to 56.1%. The predominant resistant
causative pathogen was E. coli (50.64%) followed by S. aureus
(44.25%) and MRSA (5.11%). In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test
and MIC breakpoints, E. coli, S. aureus and MRSA organisms showed
more sensitivity to enrofloxacin, amoxicillin + sulbactam,
gentamicin and ceftriaxone and had highest resistant to penicillin
followed by amoxicillin, oxytetracycline and methicillin. E. coli
and S. aureus isolates were found to be resistant to 1 or 2
antimicrobials, whereas most of the MRSA isolates were found to be
multi-drug resistant i.e resistance to 3 or more of
antimicrobials. Out of 235 milk samples, the specific target gene
16s-23s rRNA (E. coli ), 16s-23s rRNA (S. aureus) and MRSA (mecA
and blaZ) could be amplified from 119, 104 and 12 isolates with a
percentage positivity of 50.64 (119/235), 89.64 (104/116) and
10.34 (12/116) respectively.
Conclusion: Prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in
bovine mastitis pathogens was high. Most MRSA pathogens were
multidrug resistant. E. coli and S. aureus isolates were resistant
to few antimicrobials.
Keywords: bovine resistant mastitis, Escherichia coli,
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus aureus.
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