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Research
(Published
online: 27-11-2014)
16.
Xylazine-ketamine immobilization and propofol anesthesia for
surgical excision of sebaceous adenoma in a jaguar (Panthera
onca) - M.
Bharathidasan, R. Thirumurugan, B. Justin William, R. S. George,
A. Arunprasad, T. A. Kannan and S. Viramuthu
Veterinary World, 7(11): 986-990
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.986-990
M.
Bharathidasan:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Madras Veterinary
College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
dasan.bharathi234@gmail.com
R.
Thirumurugan:
Arignar Anna Zoological Park, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
thiruzoovet@googlemail.com
B.
Justin William:
Centre for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, Madras
Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
vetjust@gmail.com
R. S.
George: Department
of Clinics, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
ravi.george@yahoo.com
A.
Arunprasad:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Madras Veterinary
College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
drapvet@yahoo.co.in
T. A.
Kannan: Department
of Veterinary Anatomy, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil
Nadu, India;
kanns2000@gmail.com
S.
Viramuthu: Centralized Clinical Laboratory, Madras Veterinary
College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India;
viramuthu@tanuvas.org.in
Received:
19-08-2014, Revised: 25-10-2014, Accepted: 05-11-2014, Published
online: 27-11-2014
Corresponding author: B. Justin
William, e-mail: vetjust@gmail.com
Abstract
Aim:
A captive male jaguar (Panthera onca) was anaesthetized
for surgical excision of a tumor at the left belly fold under
xylazine-ketamine immobilization and propofol anesthesia. The
objective was to assess the dose of xylazine and ketamine required
to abolish ear flick reflex for safe approach when the jaguar was
under chemical immobilization and efficacy of propofol induced
anesthesia.
Materials and Methods: A male jaguar (P. onca) aged 14
years and weighing approximately 90 kg was subjected to chemical
immobilization using a combination of xylazine and ketamine using
a blow pipe. The jaguar was approached after the absence of ear
flick reflex and transported to zoo Operation Theater. Propofol
was administered intravenously to induce and maintain anesthesia.
The tumor was excised using thermocautery and subjected to
histopathology.
Results: Ear flick reflex was stimulated at 5 and 10 min after
immobilization and observed shaking of head and movement of fore
limb following administration of xylazine and ketamine. Dose of
xylazine and ketamine required for chemical immobilization,
characterized by absence of ear flick reflex was 1.0 and 3.5 mg/kg
body weight respectively, and was achieved in 13 min. The surgical
plane of anesthesia was maintained for 11 min following
administration of propofol at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight
intravenously. The jaguar recovered in 41 min following surgery.
The excised tumor was confirmed as sebaceous adenoma on
histopathological examination. The animal recovered uneventfully,
and no recurrence of the tumor was noticed in 3 months follow-up
period.
Conclusion: The total dose xylazine and ketamine required for
chemical immobilization with absence of ear flick reflex was 1.0
and 3.5 mg/kg body weight respectively. Further, administration of
propofol intravenously, at a dose of 2 mg/kg maintained anesthesia
for 11 min. Histopathological examination of the excised tumor at
the belly fold was confirmed as sebaceous adenoma.
Keywords: ear flick reflex, jaguar, ketamine, Panthera onca,
propofol, sebaceous adenoma, xylazine.
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