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Research
(Published
online: 07-11-2014)
4.
Tracing the antibody mediated acquired
immunity by Foot and Mouth disease and Rift Valley Fever combined
vaccine in pregnant ewes and their lambs - Wael Mossad
Gamal, Eman Mahmoud Mohamed Soliman and Mona Ali El-Manzalawy
Veterinary World, 7(11): 922-928
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.922-928
Wael
Mossad Gamal:
Department of Foot and Mouth disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine
Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt;
waelmossad@gmail.com
Eman
Mahmoud Mohamed Soliman:
Department of reference strain bank, Central Laboratory for
Evaluation of Veterinary Biologics, Cairo, Egypt;
emansoliman80@gmail.com
Mona
Ali El-Manzalawy: Department of Rift Valley Fever, Veterinary
Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt;
elmanzalawy1970@gmail.com
Received:
15-07-2014, Revised: 19-09-2014, Accepted: 26-09-2014, Published
online: 07-11-2014
Corresponding author:
Wael Mossad Gamal, e-mail: waelmossad@gmail.com
Abstract
Aim:
The aim of this study was to provide adequate protection to
ewes and their lambs against Foot and Mouth disease (FMD) and Rift
Valley Fever (RVF).
Materials and Methods: A combined inactivated oil vaccine was
prepared successfully. Such vaccine was found to be free from
foreign contaminants, safe and potent as determined by quality
control tests such as challenge protection percentage for FMD and
mice ED50 for RVF. Vaccination of pregnant ewes
with the prepared combined vaccine and determination of the
antibody level via serum neutralization test (SNT) and Enzyme
Linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) in the vaccinated pregnant
ewes and their lambs.
Results: Vaccination of pregnant ewes revealed that these ewes
exhibited high levels of specific antibodies against the included
vaccine antigens (Foot and Mouth disease virus type A Iran O5,
O PanAsia and SAT2/EGY/2012
and RVFV-ZH501).
FMD antibodies recorded their peaks by the 10th
week while those of RVF recorded their peaks by the 12th
week post vaccination then all antibodies began to decrease
gradually to reach their lowest protective titers for FMD by the
32nd week post
vaccination and those for RVF by the 34th
week post vaccination. Potency test of the prepared combined
vaccine expressed as protection percentage of vaccinated sheep
against target virulent FMD virus serotypes reflected a protection
percentage of 80% against type O and SAT2 and 100% against A while
for RVF, the mice ED50
was found to be 0.009 indicating the potency of the prepared
vaccine. The antibody titer in serum and colostrum of vaccinated
pregnant ewes at day of parturition (10-12 week post vaccination)
recorded a high titer against FMD serotype (O), serotype (A),
serotype (SAT2) and against RVF. It was noticed that the colostrum
antibody titers were slightly higher than those in the sera of
vaccinated ewes at time of parturition. The newly born lambs from
vaccinated ewes, exhibited good levels of maternal immunity
against the included antigens through suckling their mother
colostrum by the 24 hrs. post parturition. The newly born lambs
recorded their highest level by 1 week of birth and lasted within
a protective level up to 11-12 week of birth.
Conclusion: Using of FMD/RVF combined vaccine provided a
sufficient immune status for pregnant ewes as well as for their
lambs. Vaccination of newly born lambs should be carried out by
the 4th month of
birth.
Keywords: FMD, RVF, combined vaccine, pregnant ewes, new born
lambs, SNT, ELISA.
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