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Research (Published online: 13-11-2014)

8. Assessment of innate immunity by phagocytic activity in non-descript and Sahiwal cattle in Chhattisgarh - Govina Dewangan, S. D. Hirpurkar, Devesh Kumar Giri and Deepak Kumar Kashyap

Veterinary World, 7(11): 943-947

 

 

   doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2014.943-947

 

 

Govina Dewangan: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India; govinadewangan@gmail.com

S. D. Hirpurkar: Department of Veterinary Microbiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India; smpuhir@yahoo.com

Devesh Kumar Giri: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Uttar Pradesh, Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evan Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India; giri.devesh18@gmail.com

Deepak Kumar Kashyap: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Arawali Veterinary College, Sikar, Rajasthan, India; deepakkashyap31@gmail.com

 

Received: 26-07-2014, Revised: 05-10-2014, Accepted: 10-10-2014, Published online: 13-11-2014

 

Corresponding author: Govina Dewangan, e-mail: govinadewangan@gmail.com



Aim: The objective of the research was to assess the innate immunity status of non-descript (ND) cattle in comparison to Sahiwal cattle in Chattisgarh by the determination of the phagocytosis activity (PA) and opsonocytophagic index (OI).

Materials and Methods: In-vitro phagocytic activity of neutrophil was studied in ND and Sahiwal (S) cattle after dividing them in groups viz. ND-I, ND-II, S-I and S-II. Neutrophils were separated from the blood and activated with Staphylococcus aureus. PA and OI were observed under high power of a microscope at ×1000  magnification.

Results: PA (percent) in groups ND-I, ND-II, S-I and S-II was 73.00±1.03, 82.25±1.51, 80.75±1.36 and 82.37±1.27, respectively which vary significantly (p<0.01), with respect to age. The observations regarding the OI (bacteria per neutrophil) in groups ND-I, ND-II, S-I and S-II was 7.17±0.04, 7.76±0.09, 7.02±0.04 and 7.79±0.06, respectively. Age difference was evident, i.e., OI increases as age increases.

Conclusion: Innate immunity plays a vital role in host defense against diseases. Neutrophil kills the invading pathogen by phagocytic action. PA and OI is an important tool for the assessing innate immune status. After coincubation of neutrophil with bacterial cells, PA was significantly lower (p<0.01) in ND-I, calves group then other groups. Further, the result of OI clearly indicates that OI has increased as age increases in both breeds. The study will, therefore, generate first hand information on ND cattle along with their relative statistical differences, if any, when compared with Sahiwal.

Keywords: innate immunity, non-descript cattle, opsonocytophagic index, phagocytosis activity.



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