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Research
(Published
online: 27-09-2014)
20. Genetic architecture and bottleneck
analyses of Salem Black goat breed based on microsatellite markers
- A. K. Thiruvenkadan,
V. Jayakumar, P.
Kathiravan and R. Saravanan
Veterinary World, 7(9): 733-737
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2014.733-737
A. K.
Thiruvenkadan:
Department of
Animal Husbandry Statistics and Computer Applications, Veterinary
College and Research Institute,
Namakkal -
637 002, Tamil Nadu, India;
drthirusiva@gmail.com
V.
Jayakumar:
Veterinary
Dispensary, Department of Animal Husbandry, Namakkal - 637 001,
Tamil Nadu, India; drjaikumar007@gmail.com
P.
Kathiravan:
Livestock
Geneticist, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food
and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna,
Austria; kathirvet@yahoo.co.in
R.
Saravanan: Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding,
Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal - 637 002,
Tamil Nadu, India;
mrsagb@gmail.com
Received:
05-05-2014, Revised:
12-08-2014, Accepted:
19-08-2014, Published online:
27-09-2014
Corresponding author:
A. K. Thiruvenkadan, e-mail: drthirusiva@gmail.com
Abstract
Aim:
The present study was undertaken in Salem Black goat
population for genetic analysis at molecular level to exploit the
breed for planning sustainable improvement, conservation and
utilization, which subsequently can improve the livelihood of its
stakeholders.
Materials and Methods: Genomic DNA was isolated from blood
samples of 50 unrelated Salem Black goats with typical phenotypic
features in several villages in the breeding tract and the genetic
characterization and bottleneck analysis in Salem Black goat was
done using 25 microsatellite markers as recommended by the Food
and Agricultural Organization, Rome, Italy. The basic measures of
genetic variation were computed using bioinformatic software. To
evaluate the Salem Black goats for mutation drift equilibrium,
three tests were performed under three different mutation models,
viz., infinite allele model (IAM), stepwise mutation model (SMM)
and two-phase model (TPM) and the observed gene diversity (He) and
expected equilibrium gene diversity (Heq) were estimated under
different models of microsatellite evolution.
Results: The study revealed that the observed number of
alleles ranged from 4 (ETH10, ILSTS008) to 17 (BM64444) with a
total of 213 alleles and mean of 10.14±0.83 alleles across loci.
The overall observed heterozygosity, expected heterozygosity,
inbreeding estimate and polymorphism information content values
were 0.631±0.041, 0.820±0.024, 0.233±0.044 and 0.786±0.023
respectively indicating high genetic diversity. The average
observed gene diversities (He) pooled over different markers was
0.829±0.024 and the average expected gene diversities under IAM,
TPM and SMM models were 0.769±0.026, 0.808±0.024 and 0.837±0.020
respectively. The number of loci found to exhibit gene diversity
excess under IAM, TPM and SMM models were 18, 17 and 12
respectively.
Conclusion: All the three
statistical tests, viz., sign test, standardized differences test
and Wilcoxon sign rank test, revealed significant deviation of
Salem Black goats from mutation-drift equilibrium under IAM and
TPM models, however, nonsignificant deviation under SMM model. The
qualitative test of mode shift analysis supported the results
under SMM indicating the absence of the genetic bottleneck in the
recent past in Salem Black goats.
Keywords: bottleneck, genetic
diversity, microsatellites, Salem Black.
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