Open Access
Copyright: The authors. This article is an open access
article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0) which permits unrestricted use,
distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly
cited.
R esearch
(Published online:
26-08-2015)
12.
Pathomorphological and microbiological
studies in sheep with special emphasis on gastrointestinal tract
disorders - Sarvan Kumar, K. K. Jakhar, Vikas Nehra and
Madan Pal
Veterinary World, 8(8): 1015-1020
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.1015-1020
Sarvan
Kumar:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of
Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India; drsrvn38@gmail.com
K. K.
Jakhar:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of
Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India;
hod.vpp@luvas.edu.in
Vikas
Nehra:
Department of Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of
Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India;
drvikasnehra@gmail.com
Madan
Pal: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala
Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Hisar,
Haryana,
India;
drmadanlega@gmail.com
Received:
20-05-2015, Revised: 21-07-2015, Accepted: 27-07-2015, Published
online: 26-08-2015
Corresponding author:
Sarvan Kumar, e-mail: drsrvn38@gmail.com
Citation:
Kumar S, Jakhar KK,
Nehra V, Pal M (2015) Pathomorphological and microbiological
studies in sheep with special emphasis on gastrointestinal tract
disorders, Veterinary World 8(8): 1015-1020.
Abstract
Aim:
The present study was envisaged to elucidate the
pathomorphological and microbiological aspects of gastrointestinal
tract (GIT) disorders of sheep/lambs.
Materials and Methods: Samples for research were collected
from 12 sheep died with a history of GIT disorders which were
brought for post-mortem examination to the Department of
Veterinary Pathology, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences, Hisar, for pathomorphological and microbiological
examination.
Results: Gross pathological changes in various organs noticed
were abomasitis, congestion and hemorrhages in intestine; necrotic
foci on liver surface; enlarged, hard, and indurated mesenteric
lymph nodes, hydropericardium, congestion, hemorrhages and
consolidation of lungs and congestion and soft kidneys as the
major change. On histopathological examination, there were
abomasitis with leukocyte infiltration, enteritis with
desquamation of mucosal epithelium and goblet cell hyperplasia,
lymphadenitis with depletion of lymphocytes in the germinal center
of lymphoid follicle, and splenitis with depletion of lymphocytes
in the white pulp. In the liver congestion, degenerative changes
in hepatocytes including cloudy swelling, fatty changes,
congestion in sinusoids, and dilatation of sinusoids leading to
atrophy of hepatocytes. Lungs evidenced edema, congestion,
emphysema, serous inflammation, thickening of interlobular septa,
fibrinous pleuritis, and peribronchiolar lymphoid follicle
formation. Heart revealed sarcocystosis, fibrinous pericarditis,
and hyalinization of the myocardium. In kidneys, congestion, focal
interstitial nephritis, hyaline degeneration, and coagulative
necrosis were seen. For microbiological aspects; cultural
isolation was done from samples of liver, abomasum, mesenteric
lymph nodes, spleen, heart blood, lungs, and kidneys from the
carcasses of sheep/lambs. Escherichia coli was the only
bacterium isolated during present studies. E. coli isolates
from different tissues of carcasses of sheep/lambs were subjected
to in-vitro drug sensitivity testing. Ciprofloxacin,
cefixime, polymyxin B, amoxicillin + sulbactam, and amoxicillin +
clavulanic acid were the most sensitive drugs followed by amikacin,
ofloxacin, ampicillin, co-trimoxazole, and amoxicillin.
Conclusions: From the present study, it is reasonable to
conclude that the major etiopathological cause of GIT disorders in
sheep was E. coli infection, which causes a
pathomorphological effect on various cadaver organs viz.
abomasum, intestine, liver, mesenteric lymph nodes, lungs, spleen,
kidneys, and heart followed by parasitic infection of
Haemonchus contortus.
Keywords: gastrointestinal tract disorders,
in-vitro chemotherapeutic sensitivity, microbiology,
pathomorphology, sheep.
References
|
1. National Dairy Development Board. Share of Agriculture and
Livestock's Sector in Gross Domestic Products. Available from:
http://www.nddb/org/. Accessed on 20-08-2014. |
|
|
|
2. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,
2010. Available from: http://www.faostat.fao.org/. Accessed on
20-08-2014. |
|
|
|
3. Anonymous. (2012) 19th Livestock Census: All India Summary
Report 2012. Department of Animal Husbandry, Ministry of
Agriculture, Government of India. |
|
|
|
4. Luna, L.G. (1968) Manual of Histologic Staining Methods of
the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. 3rd ed. McGraw Hill
Book Company, New York. |
|
|
|
5. Quinn, P.J., Carter, M.E., Markey, B.K. and Carter, G.R.
(1994) Clinical Veterinary Microbiology, Mosby, Edinburugh. |
|
|
|
6. Bauer, A.W., Kirby, W.M., Sherris, J.C. and Turck, M.
(1966) Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardised
disc method. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 36: 493-496. |
|
|
|
7. Kumar, S., Jakhar, K.K., Mishra, S.K. and Purohit, B.S.R.
(2013) Pathology of digestive and respiratory tracts disorders
in sheep. Indian J. Vet. Pathol., 37(2): 124-127. |
|
|
|
8. Gazal, S., Mir, I.A., Iqbal, A., Taku, A.K., Kumar, B. and
Bhat, M.A. (2011) Ovine rotaviruses. Open Vet. J., 1: 50-54. |
|
|
9. Kumar, S., Jakhar, K.K., Singh, S., Potliya, S., Kumar, K.
and Pal, M. (2015) Clinico-pathological studies of
gastrointestinal tract disorders in sheep with parasitic
infection. Vet. World, 8(1): 29-32.
http://dx.doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2015.29-32 |
|
|
|
10. Kumar, S., Jakhar, K.K., Mishra, S.K. and Purohit, R.
(2011) Pathology of gastrointestinal tract disorders in sheep.
Paper Abstracted at XXVIII Annual Conference of Indian
Association of Veterinary Pathologists from 29th and 30th
December at Department of Veterinary Pathology, Madras
Veterinary College, Chennai. p63. |
|
|
|
11. Das, M. and Singh, S. (2010) Effect of with drawl of
anthelmintics on fenbendazole and morantel resistance status
of Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goats. Haryana Vet., 49:
22-24. |
|
|
|
12. Khajuria, A., Azmi, S., Rahman, S., Sultan, Z. and Sharma,
M. (2013) Pathomorphological changes in liver of sheep and
goats due to parasitic infestation. Indian J. Vet. Pathol.,
37(1): 1-4. |
|
|
|
13. Gaurav, and Jakhar, K.K. (2011) Etio-pathological studies
on gastrointestinal tract disorders in sheep and goat. Indian
J. Vet. Pathol., 35: 116. |
|
|
|
14. Kumar, S., Jakhar, K.K., Kapoor, S. and Sharma, A. (2012)
Serotyping and antimicrobial sensitivity of Escherichia coli
isolated from gastrointestinal tract disorders in sheep.
Haryana Vet., 51: 61-62. |
|
|
|
15. Sharma, V. and Pruthi, A.K. (2008) Etiopathological
studies on gastrointestinal tract and liver disorders of
sheep. Haryana Vet., 47: 98-102. |
|
|
16. Tibbo, M., Aragaw, K., Teferi, M. and Haile, A. (2010)
Effect of strategic helminthosis control on mortality of
communally grazed menz lambs of smallholders in the cool
central Ethiopian highlands. Small Rumin. Res., 90(1-3):
58-63.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.01.002 |
|
|
|
17. Lashari, M.H. and Tasawar, Z. (2011) Prevalence of some
gastrointestinal parasites in sheep in Southern Punjab,
Pakistan. Pak. Vet. J., 31(X): XXX. |
|
