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R esearch
(Published online: 07-03-2015)
6.
Release of β-endorphin, adrenocorticotropic
hormone and cortisol in response to machine milking of dairy cows
- E. Fazio, P. Medica, C. Cravana and A. Ferlazzo
Veterinary World, 8(3): 284-289
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2015.284-289
E.
Fazio:
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168
Messina, Italy;
fazio@unime.it
P.
Medica:
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168
Messina, Italy;
pmedica@unime.it
C.
Cravana:
Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, 98168
Messina, Italy;
ccravana@unime.it
A.
Ferlazzo: Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of
Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy;
ferlazzo@unime.it
Received: 05-11-2014, Revised: 17-01-2015, Accepted: 25-01-2015,
Published online: 07-03-2015
Corresponding author:
Esterina Fazio, e-mail: fazio@unime.it
Citation:
Fazio E, Medica P,
Cravana C, Ferlazzo A (2015) Release of β-endorphin,
adrenocorticotropic hormone and cortisol in response to machine
milking of dairy cows, Veterinary World 8(3): 284-289.
Abstract
Aim:
The present study was undertaken with the objective to obtain
insight into the dynamics of the release of
β-endorphin,
adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol in response to
machine milking in dairy cows.
Materials and Methods: A total of 10 healthy multiparous
lactating Italian Friesian dairy cows were used in the study.
Animals were at the 4 th-5th
month of pregnancy and were submitted to machine
milking 2 times daily. Blood samples were collected in the
morning: In baseline conditions, immediately before milking and
after milking; and in the early afternoon: In baseline conditions,
before milking and after milking, for 2 consecutive days.
Endocrine variables were measured in duplicate, using a commercial
radioimmunoassay for circulating β-endorphin
and ACTH concentrations and a competitive enzyme-linked
immunoassay for cortisol concentration.
Results: Data obtained showed a similar biphasic cortisol
secretion of lactating dairy cows, with a significant increase of
cortisol concentration after morning machine milking, at both the
1 st and the 2nd
day (p<0.05), and a decrease after afternoon
machine milking at the 2nd day (p<0.01).
One-way RM ANOVA showed significant effects of the machine milking
on the cortisol changes, at both morning (f=22.96; p<0.001) and
afternoon (f=15.10; p<0.01) milking, respectively. Two-way RM
ANOVA showed a significant interaction between cortisol changes at
the 1st and the 2nd
day (f=7.94; p<0.0002), and between the sampling times (f=6.09;
p<0.001). Conversely, no significant effects of the machine
milking were observed on β-endorphin
and ACTH changes, but only a moderate positive correlation
(r=0.94; p<0.06) after milking stimuli.
Conclusions: A wide range of cortisol concentrations reported
in this study showed the complex dynamic patterns of the
homeostatic mechanisms involved during machine milking in dairy
cows, suggesting that β-endorphin
and ACTH were not the main factors that caused the adrenocortical
response to milking stimuli.
Keywords: adrenocorticotropic hormone,
cortisol, dairy cows, machine milking,
β-endorphin.
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