Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 14-04-2016)
7.
Vertebral scale system to measure heart
size in thoracic radiographs of Indian Spitz, Labrador retriever
and Mongrel dogs -
Deepti Bodh, Mozammel Hoque, Abhishek Chandra Saxena, Mudasir
Bashir Gugjoo, Deepika Bist and J. K. Chaudhary
Veterinary World, 9(4): 371-376
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.371-376
Deepti Bodh:
Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute,
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India; deeptibodh@yahoo.in
Mozammel Hoque:
Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute,
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India; mhoq61@yahoo.com
Abhishek Chandra Saxena:
Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute,
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India; acs28213@rediffmail.com
Mudasir Bashir Gugjoo:
Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute,
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India; mbgugjoo@gmail.com
Deepika Bist:
Division of Surgery, Indian Veterinary Research Institute,
Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India; bistdeepika25@gmail.com
J. K. Chaudhary:
Division of Livestock Economics, Statistics and Information
Technology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar,
Uttar Pradesh, India; vetjitu@gmail.com
Received: 07-11-2015, Accepted: 09-03-2016, Published online:
14-04-2016
Corresponding author:
Deepti Bodh, e-mail: deeptibodh@yahoo.in
Citation:
Bodh D, Hoque M, Saxena AC, Gugjoo MB, Bist D, Chaudhary JK
(2016) Vertebral scale system to measure heart size in thoracic
radiographs of Indian Spitz, Labrador retriever and Mongrel
dogs,
Veterinary World,
9(4):
371-376.
Abstract
Aim:
To establish reference values of vertebral heart score (VHS) in
Indian Spitz, Labrador retriever, and Mongrel dogs; to assess
applicability of VHS in these three dog breeds; to determine if
breed, recumbency side, gender, body weight, and thoracic depth
(TD) to thoracic width (TW) ratio has an influence on the VHS
measurement in these dog breeds.
Materials and Methods:
A total of 60, client owned, clinically healthy Indian Spitz
(n=20, mean age = 4.25±2.15 years, body weight = 11.87±2.7 kg),
Labrador retriever (n=20, mean age = 4.75±1.91 years, body
weight = 27.31±5.43 kg), and Mongrel dogs (n=20, mean age =
4.25±1.52 years, body weight = 16.25±3.99 kg), having no
radiological and clinical signs of cardiovascular or pulmonary
disease were included in the study. All dogs were restrained
manually and left lateral (LL) and right lateral (RL)
radiographic views were obtained. The size of heart in lateral
radiographs was calculated using VHS method. Besides, the TD, TW
and TD: TW were calculated to determine the type of thoracic
conformation in the dog breeds. In addition to this, the effect
of breed, side of recumbency, gender, body weight, and TD to TW
ratio on the calculation of VHS was determined.
Results:
VHS was calculated in all the animals of the breeds. VHS in
Spitz and Labrador retriever was significantly (p<0.0001,
p<0.0001, respectively) >9.7±0.5 v. RL and LL VHS in Mongrel dog
was significantly (p<0.037) >9.7±0.5 v. Significant (p<0.05)
differences in the VHS were observed among Spitz, Labrador
retriever and Mongrel dogs, being higher for Labrador retriever
followed by Spitz and Mongrel dogs. VHS in RL recumbency was
significantly (p<0.001) greater than VHS in LL recumbency in all
three breeds. LL and RL VHS correlated significantly with each
other in Spitz (r=0.58; p=0.02), Labrador retriever (r=0.87;
p<0.0001), and Mongrel dogs (r=0.93; p<0.0001). Significant
(p<0.05) differences in the TD and TW were observed among Spitz,
Labrador retriever, and Mongrel dogs. Non-significant effect of
gender, body weight, and TD to TW ratio on the VHS measurement
was observed in each dog breed.
Conclusion:
Breed-specific VHS reference ranges should be used for the
objective measurement of heart size in dogs. Furthermore, the
radiographic view should also be taken into consideration to
avoid any erroneous interpretation of cardiac enlargement in
dogs.
Keywords:
dogs, radiography, recumbency, thorax, vertebral heart scale.
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