Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 26-08-2016)
18.
Proteinuria reduction after treatment with
miltefosine and allopurinol in dogs naturally infected with
leishmaniasis -
Daniela Proverbio, Eva Spada, Giada Bagnagatti de Giorgi and
Roberta Perego
Veterinary World, 9(8): 904-908
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.904-908
Daniela Proverbio:
Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via
Celoria 10, 20133 Milan, Italy; daniela.proverbio@unimi.it
Eva Spada:
Department
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10,
20133 Milan, Italy; eva.spada@unimi.it
Giada Bagnagatti
de Giorgi:
Department of
Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10, 20133
Milan, Italy; gaida.bagnagatti@gmail.com
Roberta Perego:
Department
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Milan, Via Celoria 10,
20133 Milan, Italy; roberta.perego@unimi.it
Received: 21-02-2016, Accepted: 19-07-2016, Published online:
26-08-2016
Corresponding author:
Daniela
Proverbio, e-mail: daniela.proverbio@unimi.it
Citation:
Proverbio D, Spada E, de Giorgi GB, Perego R (2016) Proteinuria
reduction after treatment with miltefosine and allopurinol in
dogs naturally infected with leishmaniasis, Veterinary World,
9(8): 904-908.
Abstract
Aim:
The aim of
this study was to evaluate changes in proteinuria in dogs
naturally infected with visceral leishmaniasis, following
treatment with miltefosine (MLF) and allopurinol.
Materials and
Methods:
Medical records
of 40 dogs with leishmaniasis, treated with 2 mg/kg MLF every 24
h PO and 10 mg/kg allopurinol every 12 h for 28 days were
reviewed. 20 dogs were included in the study, and clinical
staging was performed following guidelines of the Canine
leishmaniasis (CanL) Working Group, and dogs were categorized
for proteinuria according to the International Renal Interest
Society (IRIS) staging system. Clinical score, indirect
fluorescent antibody test titer, serum total protein, gamma
globulin (IgG), serum creatinine and urea concentration, and
urine protein creatinine ratio (UP/C) were recorded at the time
of diagnosis before the start of therapy (D0) and at the end of
28 days of therapy (D28).
Results:
Following the CanL Working Group staging, all 20 dogs were
classified as the clinical Stage C (Clinical disease) before and
after the cycle of treatment. Before the cycle of therapy, dogs
were categorized according to the IRIS staging system, as: 9/20
non-proteinuric (NP), 7/20 borderline proteinuric (BP), and 4/20
proteinuric (P). After treatment, 12/20 dogs were NP, 7/20 were
BP, and 1/20 was P. There was a significant change in UP/C
values before and after one cycle of treatment with MLF. In
detail, after 28 days of therapy, 2 of 9 NP dogs became BP, 3 of
the 7 BP dogs became NP, and 2 of the 4 P dogs became NP.
Conclusion:
This
study showed a significant decrease in UP/C values occurred
after one cycle of treatment with MLF and allopurinol in dogs
naturally affected with CanL. This suggests that MLF does not
increase proteinuria, and the use of MLF could be considered for
the management of dogs with leishmaniasis, particularly in those
with impaired renal function at the time of diagnosis.
Keywords:
canine leishmaniasis therapy, proteinuric kidney disease, renal
function, urine protein creatinine.
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