Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 06-12-2016)
6.
Diagnosis and management of bovine
babesiosis outbreaks in cattle in Punjab state -
Mandeep Singh Bal, Vishal Mahajan, Gursimran Filia, Paramjit Kaur
and Amarjit Singh
Veterinary World, 9(12): 1370-1374
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.1370-1374
Mandeep Singh Bal :
Animal Disease
Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences
University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India;
bal_epi@rediffmail.com
Vishal Mahajan :
Animal Disease
Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences
University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India;
mahajanv17@gmail.com
Gursimran Filia :
Animal Disease
Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences
University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India;
harpalfilia@rediffmail.com
Paramjit Kaur :
Department of
Veterinary Parasitology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal
Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India;
paramvet53@rediffmail.com
Amarjit Singh :
Animal Disease
Research Centre, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary & Animal Sciences
University, Ludhiana, Punjab, India; amarjitsingh64@gmail.com
Received: 10-05-2016, Accepted: 02-11-2016, Published online:
06-12-2016
Corresponding author:
Gursimran Filia,
e-mail: harpalfilia@rediffmail.com
Citation:
Bal MS, Mahajan V, Filia G, Kaur P, Singh A (2016) Diagnosis and
management of bovine babesiosis outbreaks in cattle in Punjab
state, Veterinary World, 9(12): 1370-1374.
Abstract
Aim:
The aim of the
present study was to diagnose severe outbreaks of bovine
babesiosis in Punjab state, in the year 2015 and to suggest
control and preventive measures to animal owners.
Materials and
Methods:
Mortality of
animals was recorded in two cattle herd comprising a total of 465
cattle in Sangrur (n=125) and Faridkot (n=340) districts. There
was a history of purchase of animals at one farm. 23 blood samples
were collected from diseased (n=15) and healthy animals (n=8) for
hematological analysis, parasitological, and polymerase chain
reaction (PCR)-based diagnosis. Ticks were also collected from
animals for identification.
Results:
Out of 465
cattle at risk, 28 were critically ill and 14 died of disease with
morbidity, mortality, and case fatality rate of 6.02%, 3.01%, and
50.00%, respectively. Clinical signs and necropsy findings were
suggestive of babesiosis. Ticks collected from both the outbreaks
were identified as Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus.
Thin blood smears from infected animals (especially with clinical
sign of hemoglobinuria) were found positive for Babesia
bigemina organisms; however, molecular diagnosis (PCR) further
confirmed the disease. Animals were successfully treated with
diminazene aceturate, hematinics, and antipyretics.
Conclusions:
Two
fatal outbreaks of babesiosis in cattle were diagnosed with
application of conventional parasitological, hematological, and
molecular diagnostic techniques. PCR was found to be far more
sensitive in detecting the disease, especially in latent
infections. Animal owners were advised to follow quarantine
measures before mixing new animals in the herd and strategic
acaricidal treatments for effective tick control.
Keywords:
Babesia bigemina,
cattle, outbreaks, parasitological diagnosis, polymerase chain
reaction.
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