Open Access
Research
(Published
online: 04-07-2016)
3.
Diagnosis of pathological conditions of
kidney by two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonographic
imaging in dogs -
Dinesh Dehmiwal, S. M. Behl, Prem Singh, Rishi Tayal, Madan Pal
and R. K. Chandolia
Veterinary World, 9(7): 693-698
doi:
10.14202/vetworld.2016.693-698
Dinesh Dehmiwal:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India; dd2012vets@gmail.com
S. M. Behl:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India; drsmbehl@gmail.com
Prem Singh:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India; pswatch05@yahoo.co.in
Rishi Tayal:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India; tayalrishi1@gmail.com
Madan Pal:
Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Lala Lajpat Rai
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India; drmadanlega@gmail.com
R. K. Chandolia:
Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Lala Lajpat
Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana,
India; rchandolia@yahoo.com
Received: 15-02-2016, Accepted: 02-06-2016, Published online:
04-07-2016
Corresponding author:
Dinesh Dehmiwal, e-mail: dd2012vets@gmail.com
Citation:
Dehmiwal D, Behl SM, Singh P, Tayal R, Pal M, Chandolia RK
(2016) Diagnosis of pathological conditions of kidney by
two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasonographic imaging
in dogs, Veterinary World, 9(7): 693-698.
Abstract
Aim:
The objective of the study was to obtain and compare
two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasonographic
images of the kidney in different disease conditions.
Materials and Methods:
In this study, 11 clinical cases of different age groups of dogs
suffering from kidney diseases were diagnosed by 2D and 3D
ultrasonography at Teaching Veterinary Clinical Complex, Lala
Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar.
The ultrasound (US) machine used for this study was 3D US
machine (Nemio-XG: Toshiba, Japan) having four-dimensional (4D)
volumetric probe. The images were acquired with 3-6 MHz 2D
curvilinear transducer and 4.2-6 MHz 4D volumetric curvilinear
transducer.
Results:
Nephritis was diagnosed in four dogs aged between 5 months and 6
years. In all the cases of nephritis diffuse increase in
echogenicity of kidney, parenchyma was observed. Two dogs with
end-stage kidney disease were also diagnosed. In both 2D and 3D
ultrasonography, the kidney size was decreased and architectural
details were also lost in them. The cases of regional renal
diseases diagnosed were hydronephrosis and nephrolithiasis.
Dilated renal pelvis was the common finding in all the three
cases of hydronephrosis in both 2D and 3D ultrasonogram.
Nephroliths were observed in one case with the history of
hematuria and oliguria. The multifocal renal disease diagnosed
in this study was dysplastic polycystic kidney. In 2D
ultrasonogram, six anechoic cavities appeared with thin strip of
renal parenchyma. In 3D ultrasonogram, the cysts appeared as
black anechoic areas.
Conclusion:
The result of the current study showed that the clinical
conditions of kidney such as nephritis, end-stage kidney,
hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney, and nephrolithiasis can be
diagnosed easily using 2D and 3D ultrasonography. Visualization
of renal structures was clear in 2D ultrasonography in the
conditions of nephritis and end-stage kidney. However, the
conditions such as hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney, and
nephrolithiasis were visualized clearly in both 2D and 3D
ultrasonography equally.
Keywords:
hydronephrosis, hyperechoic, hypoechoic, nephritis,
ultrasonography.
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