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Research (Published online: 24-05-2016)

13. Studies of the macroscopic and microscopic morphology (hippocampus) of brain in Vencobb broiler - Shailesh Kumar Gupta, Kumaresh Behera, C. R. Pradhan, Arun Kumar Mandal, Kamdev Sethy, Dayanidhi Behera and Kuladip Prakash Shinde

Veterinary World, 9(5): 507-511

 

 

   doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2016.507-511

 

 

Shailesh Kumar Gupta: Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India; sgshailesh786@gmail.com

Kumaresh Behera: Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India; kumaresh.behera@gmail.com

C. R. Pradhan: Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India; pradhancr@gmail.com

Arun Kumar Mandal: Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India; arunmandal_2005yahoo.com

Kamdev Sethy: Department of Animal Nutrition, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India; babuivri@gmail.com

Dayanidhi Behera: Department of Livestock Production and Management, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Bhubaneswar - 751 003, Odisha, India; phddaya@gmail.com

Kuladip Prakash Shinde: Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR - National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal - 132 001, Haryana, India; kuls164@gmail.com

 

Received: 22-01-2016, Accepted: 16-04-2016, Published online: 24-05-2016

 

Corresponding author: Shailesh Kumar Gupta, e-mail: sgshailesh786@gmail.com


Citation: Gupta SK, Behera K, Pradhan CR, Mandal AK, Sethy K, Behera D, Shinde KP (2016) Studies of the macroscopic and microscopic morphology (hippocampus) of brain in Vencobb broiler, Veterinary World, 9(5): 507-511.



Aim: The aim of this study was to study the anatomy of different parts of brain and histology of hippocampus of Vencobb broiler chicken.

Materials and Methods: A 12 adult experimental birds were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. After separation of the brain, gross anatomy features were studied. Brain tissue was fixed in 10% buffered neutral formalin for 2-3 days, and then routine dehydration process in ascending grades of ethyl alcohol was done. After xylene cleaning, paraffin impregnation was prepared. Paraffin blocks were cut, and slides were stained by Harris hematoxylin and eosin. Photography was carried out both under lower (×10) and higher (×40) magnifications.

Results: The brain structure (dorsal view) of Vencobb bird resembled the outline of a playing card symbol of a “spade.” The brain subdivisions are cerebrum, cerebellum, and medulla oblongata. Cerebrum was devoid of usual convolutions (elevations), gyri, depressions (grooves), and sulci. The cerebral hemispheres were tightly apposed along a median sulcus called interhemispheric fissure and cerebrum and cerebellum were separated by a small transverse fissure. The olfactory bulb was small structures, and the pineal body was clearly visible. The optic lobes were partially hidden under cerebral hemispheres, but laterally, it was large, prominent rounded or spherical bodies of the midbrain. The hippocampal area appeared as dorso-medial protrusion. Different types of neurons were distinguished in the hippocampus were pyramidal neurons, pyramidal-like neurons, and multipolar neurons, etc. There was rich vascularization in the form of blood capillaries throughout the hippocampus.

Conclusion: Cerebrum was pear shaped and largest part of the brain. Cerebrum hemisphere was smooth devoid of convolutions, gyri, and depressions, but in the surface of cerebellum, there was the presence of a number of transverse depression (grooves) and sulci subdividing into many folds. Olfactory bulb was poorly developed, whereas optic lobes were rounded and large. The exact boundary line of the hippocampus was not discernable. In hippocampus histology, two categories of neuron local circuit neurons and projection neurons, high vascularization and epididymal lining of lateral ventricle were observed. Hippocampal neurons were comparatively larger without any distinct layers. The afferent neurons projected to the medium septum.

Keywords: capillaries, hemisphere, hippocampus, neurons, Vencobb broiler.



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