Vet World   Vol.11   March-2018  Article-16

Isolation and identification of bacteria causing mastitis in small ruminants and their susceptibility to antibiotics, honey, essential oils, and plant extracts

Background and Aim: The present work aims to isolate and identify bacteria that cause mastitis in small ruminants and evaluates the antibacterial activity of some antibiotics, honey, essential oils, and plant extracts.

Materials and Methods: A total of 289 milk samples were collected from udder secretions of sheep (n=189) and goat (n=100) from El-Fayoum, Beni-Suef, and Giza governorates. Screening subclinical mastitis (SCM) was done using California Mastitis Test (CMT); identification of the isolates was achieved using Gram's staining, hemolytic pattern, colony morphology, and biochemical tests using Analytical Profile Index.

Results: On clinical examination, the incidence of clinical mastitis (CM) was found to be 5.88% and 7% in sheep and goat, respectively. On CMT, SCM was found to be 25 (13.23%) and 11 (10%) in sheep and goat, respectively. Bacteriological examination of all milk samples found the presence of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) (31.1%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) (19.5%), Escherichia coli (EC) (8.3%), Streptococcus spp. (5.6%), Klebsiella spp. (3.77%), and Pseudomonas spp. (1.89%), while no bacteria were cultured from 81.66% of the samples. Identification of 9 isolates of CNS was achieved by using API staph test to Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, Staphylococcus cohnii, and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. The highest bacterial resistance was found in EC (67.14%) followed by Kp (45.28%) and SA (26.57%).

Conclusion: Onion and black cumin essential oils followed by Egyptian honey showed strong antibacterial effects against multidrug-resistant bacteria. Finally, our study proved that Egyptian honey, onion, and black cumin essential oils have a marked strong antibacterial effect against bacteria isolated from small ruminant mastitis, but still further extensive studies are needed to discover the therapeutic properties of these plant extracts and honey. Keywords: black cumin, essential oil, honey, mastitis, onion, small ruminants, Staphylococcus aureus.

Keywords: black cumin, essential oil, honey, mastitis, onion, small ruminants, Staphylococcus aureus.

How to cite this article: Abdalhamed AM, Zeedan GSG, Abou Zeina HAA (2018) Isolation and identification of bacteria causing mastitis in small ruminants and their susceptibility to antibiotics, honey, essential oils, and plant extracts, Veterinary World, 11(3): 355-362.

Received: 29-11-2017  Accepted: 14-02-2018     Published online: 26-03-2018

Corresponding author: Gamil Sayed Gamil Zeedan   E-mail: gamilzee@yahoo.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.355-362

Copyright: Abdalhamed, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.