Awareness and antibody detection of Newcastle disease virus in a neglected society in Nigeria

Vet World Vol.12 January-2019 Article-16

Research Article

Veterinary World, 12(1): 112-118

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2019.112-118

Oluwafemi Babatunde Daodu¹, Julius Olaniyi Aiyedun², Rafiu Adebisi Kadir³, Hauwa Motunrayo Ambali³, Oladapo Oyedeji Oludairo², Isaac Dayo Olorunshola¹, Oluwakemi Christiana Daodu⁴, and Saka Saheed Baba¹

1. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa.
2. Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa.
3. Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ilorin, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa.
4. Department of Wildlife and Ecotourism, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ibadan, Nigeria, Sub Sahara Africa.

Background and Aim: This study aimed to assess the level of awareness of rural poultry farmers on vaccination and to detect Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibody in local birds (LB) and eggs in Kwara State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: Data on farmers' attitude, knowledge, practices, and experiences on ND mortality were obtained through an interview using a structured cross-sectional checklist. NDV antibodies were detected in sera and egg yolks of local chickens (LC) and guinea fowls (GF) using hemagglutination inhibition test.

Results: A total of 83 interviewees, 287 sera and 121 egg yolk extracts, were examined. The study revealed that 98.8% (82/83) of the interviewee had never vaccinated their flock before. 90% of the interviewee had reported high mortality in birds within 1-6 months old, while the major clinical signs were cold (40.4%) and torticollis (30.8%). Evidences of LB exposure to wild-type NDV were confirmed by the detection of NDV antibodies in 20.8% and 0% of LC and GF, respectively. The mortality differences experienced in <1 and 1-6 months old LB could be explained by the presence of maternally-derived NDV antibody (49.6%) in egg yolk.

Conclusion: The study showed that LB suffers from NDV as a result of LB keepers' ignorance and neglect by the government. This has limited local investment and subsequent contribution to gross domestic product. This study suggests that the key factors to the prevention of ND remain awareness creation about poultry vaccination, production of affordable vaccines, and availability/accessibility to veterinarian (or trained personnel). Keywords: antibody detection, awareness, local birds, neglected communities, Newcastle disease, vaccination.

Keywords: antibody detection, awareness, local birds, neglected communities, Newcastle disease, vaccination.

How to cite this article: Daodu OB, Aiyedun JO, Kadir RA, Ambali HM, Oludairo OO, Olorunshola ID, Daodu OC, Baba SS (2019) Awareness and antibody detection of Newcastle disease virus in a neglected society in Nigeria, Veterinary World, 12(1): 112-118.

Received: 13-07-2018 Accepted: 10-12-2018 Published online: 21-01-2019

Corresponding author: Oluwafemi Babatunde Daodu E-mail: daodu.ob@unilorin.edu.ng

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.112-118

Copyright: Daodu, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.