Antimicrobial resistance pattern of avian pathogenic Escherichia coli with detection of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing isolates in broilers in east Algeria

Vet World Vol.16 March-2023 Article-4

Research Article

Veterinary World, 16(3): 449-454

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.449-454

Chahrazed Aberkane¹, Ahmed Messaï², Chafik Redha Messaï^3,4, and Tarek Boussaada⁵

1. Department of Agricultural Sciences, DEDSPAZA Laboratory, Mohamed-Khider University, Biskra, Algeria.
2. Department of Agricultural Sciences, PIARA Laboratory, Mohamed-Khider University, Biskra, Algeria.
3. Laboratory of Research Health and Animal Production, High National Veterinary School, Algiers, Algeria.
4. Department of Biology and Agronomy, University Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi of Bordj Bou Arreridj, Algeria.
5. Scientific and Technical Research Centre for Arid Areas (CRSTRA) Biskra, Algeria.

Background and Aim: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is the causative agent of colibacillosis, one of the most prevalent bacterial diseases responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry worldwide. This study aimed to assess the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) patterns of APEC isolates recovered from poultry in east Algeria and estimate the prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates.

Materials and Methods: In the slaughterhouse of Batna City (Algeria), livers indicating colibacillosis were sampled from 204 suspected carcasses with growth retardation and generalized congestion. Escherichia coli isolation and identification were performed on MacConkey agar using conventional methods and the API 20E system. Antimicrobial resistance susceptibility was tested by the disk diffusion method according to the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute Guidelines. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase detection was carried out using the double-disk confirmation test.

Results: One hundred sixty E. coli isolates were recovered (one isolate per sample). Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates showed high levels of resistance to ampicillin and tetracycline (100%), nalidixic acid (95%), ofloxacin (93.75%), doxycycline (91.87), ciprofloxacin (87.50%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (62.50%), gentamycin (32.50%), chloramphenicol (27.50%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (16.25%), colistin (14.37%), and nitrofurantoin (10.62%). All strains were multidrug-resistant to at least three antibiotics, and more than half (52.52%) of the isolates were resistant to at least seven antibiotics. All isolates were susceptible to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and aztreonam. Two E. coli isolates were ESBL producers (1.25%).

Conclusion: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli resistance to most antimicrobial agents used in poultry may lead to antimicrobial therapy failure. Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, broilers, colibacillosis, Eastern Algeria, extended-spectrum β-lactamase.

Keywords: antimicrobial resistance, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli, broilers, colibacillosis, Eastern Algeria, extended-spectrum β-lactamase.

How to cite this article: Aberkane C, Messaï A, Messaï CR, and Boussaada T (2023) Antimicrobial resistance pattern of avian pathogenic

Received: 24-11-2022 Accepted: 24-01-2023 Published online: 16-03-2023

Corresponding author: Chahrazed Aberkane E-mail: chahrazed2011@hotmail.com

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.449-454

Copyright: Aberkane, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.