Effects of dietary feed supplementation with heat-treated Lactobacillus sakei HS-1 on the health status, blood parameters, and fecal microbes of Japanese Black calves before weaning

Vet World Vol.16 November-2023 Article-16

Research Article

Veterinary World, 16(11): 2293-2302

https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.2293-2302

Naoya Sasazaki^1,2, Katsuki Toda², Hiroshi Hasunuma², Daisaku Matsumoto², Urara Shinya³, Osamu Yamato^4,5, Takeshi Obi⁴, Takashi Higaki⁴, Oky Setyo Widodo^1,5, Kunihiko Ishii⁶, Naoki Igari⁷, Daiji Kazami⁸, Masayasu Taniguchi^1,9, and Mitsuhiro Takagi^1,5,9

1. Department of Veterinary Medicine , Joint Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.
2. Shepherd Central Livestock Clinic, Akune, Japan.
3. Kagoshima Agriculture Mutual Aid Association, Soo, Japan.
4. Department of Veterinary Medicine , Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
5. Department of Veterinary Science , Division of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia.
6. JADD Co., Ltd. Yokohama, Japan.
7. Daiwa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Tokyo, Japan.
8. Kazami Food Science, Tochigi, Japan.
9. Department of Veterinary Medicine , Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Yamaguchi University, Yamaguchi, Japan.

Background and Aim: Our previous research suggested that heat-killed Lactobacillus sakei HS-1 (HK-LS HS-1) is potentially beneficial for improving intestinal microbes and reducing the number of medical treatments. This study aimed to investigate the effect of HK-LS HS-1 as a supplement in milk replacers (MRs) on clinical health during the 1-month preweaning period.

Materials and Methods: Eighteen female calves were randomly assigned to either a group receiving the HK-LS HS-1 supplement (n = 9) or a control group without it (n = 9). We then investigated the effect of including supplementary HK-LS HS-1; 0.2% in MRs twice daily at 09:00 and 16:00 on the health, serum biochemical parameters (measured using an automated biochemical analyzer), and fecal bacteriological changes of preweaning Japanese Black calves at the day of the start of supplementation (before HK-LS HS-1 supplementation; day 0), at weaning (day 30), and at 2 weeks (day 45) and 4 weeks (day 60) after weaning.

Results: During the supplementation period (0–30 days), (1) an increase (p = 0.023) was observed in albumin, and there was a tendency of increase in total cholesterol level in the HK-LS HS-1 group but not in the control group; (2) substantial differences were obtained after the weaning period (30–60 days), although no differences were observed from 0–30 days in both groups. The anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) level was substantially increased after weaning in the control group. No differences were observed in the amounts of Coliform spp. and Staphylococcaceae spp. between the two groups; thus, HK-LS HS-1 supplementation had similar antibacterial effects. A significant reduction was observed in the time to weaning of the HK-LS HS-1 group in the field trial.

Conclusion: Supplementation with HK-LS HS-1 from an early stage after birth to weaning is a cost-effective treatment to improve the growth rate of preweaning calves. However, supplementation during only preweaning periods appears to have no beneficial effects on preventing weaning stress, especially in terms of AMH levels. Keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone, feed supplementation, heat-killed lactic acid bacteria, probiotic, serum amyloid A.

Keywords: anti-Müllerian hormone, feed supplementation, heat-killed lactic acid bacteria, probiotic, serum amyloid A.

How to cite this article: Sasazaki N, Toda K, Hasunuma H, Matsumoto M, Shinya U, Yamato O, Obi T, Higaki T, Widodo OS, Ishii K, Igari N, Kazami D, Taniguchi M, and Takagi M (2023) Effects of dietary feed supplementation with heat-treated Lactobacillus sakei HS-1 on the health status, blood parameters, and fecal microbes of Japanese Black calves before weaning, Veterinary World, 16(11): 2293-2302.

Received: 23-05-2023 Accepted: 16-10-2023 Published online: 19-11-2023

Corresponding author: Mitsuhiro Takagi E-mail: mtakagi@yamaguchi-u.ac.jp

DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2293-2302

Copyright: Sasazaki, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.