Vet World Vol.16 November-2023 Article-14
Research Article
Veterinary World, 16(11): 2277-2289
https://doi.org/10.14202/vetworld.2023.2277-2289
Epizootiology and biological characteristics of echinococcosis in agricultural animals, dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents in the Western region of the Republic of Kazakhstan
2. Department of Veterinary Medicine and Technosphere Safety, West Kazakhstan Innovative and Technological University, Uralsk 090009, Republic of Kazakhstan.
3. Laboratory of Virology, Kazakh Scientific Research Veterinary Institute, Almaty 050016, Republic of Kazakhstan.
Background and Aim: Echinococcosis is one of the most dangerous parasitic diseases common to humans and animals. In Kazakhstan, echinococcosis is widespread in animals. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and biological characteristics of echinococcosis in agricultural animals, dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents in the Western region of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Materials and Methods: The study analyzed slaughtered carcasses of cattle (2500), sheep (4200), pigs (250), horses (91), and camels (45). Furthermore, the study analyzed 144 dogs (herding, rural, and urban), 41 wild carnivores (wolves, red foxes, and corsac foxes), and 339 wild rodents (great gerbils, tamarisk jirds, little ground squirrels, yellow ground squirrels, and muskrats). Postmortem and vital examination methods were used in the helminthological studies of dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents. In agricultural animals, localization and intensity were determined by counting echinococcal cysts in parenchymatous organs.
Results: Extensiveness of invasion (EI) averaged 19.2% in cattle, 27.5% in sheep, 5.6% in pigs, and 13.3% in camels. Echinococcal cysts mainly affected the liver in sheep (45.4%) and the lungs in cattle (35.5%). The fertility of echinococcal cysts decreased with age in animals. Acephalocysts were registered mainly in cattle. The highest invasiveness of Echinococcus granulosus was found in herding dogs with an EI of 12.5%. Experimental infestations of dogs showed that maturation of echinococcal eggs occurred by days 36–40 and maturation of segments by day 50. Studies of wild carnivores and rodents showed the presence of E. granulosus (imago stage) in wolves, Alveococcus multilocularis (imago stage) in red foxes and corsac foxes, and A. multilocularis (larval stage) in great gerbils and muskrats.
Conclusion: Our data provide evidence of high epizootiological danger for the population and significant damage caused by E. granulosus to animal husbandry in the region. Studies on the spread of echinococcosis suggest the possibility of controlling the situation with human and animal diseases and show the importance of this issue. Keywords: agricultural animals, dogs, Echinococcus, Kazakhstan, rodents, wild carnivores.
Keywords: agricultural animals, dogs, Echinococcus, Kazakhstan, rodents, wild carnivores.
How to cite this article: Ilana A, Upievich BE, Kenesovich KA, Bekbosynovna MS, Bakitzhanovna ZF, Esmagambetovich MK, Maratovich SY, Garipullievich SB, and Gabdullinovich AR (2023) Epizootiology and biological characteristics of echinococcosis in agricultural animals, dogs, wild carnivores, and rodents in the Western region of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Veterinary World, 16(11): 2277-2286.
Received: 05-07-2023 Accepted: 11-10-2023 Published online: 12-11-2023
Corresponding author: Kereyev Abzal Kenesovich E-mail: abzal.kereev@mail.ru
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2023.2277-2289
Copyright: Ilana, et al. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.